Version in base suite: 13.10-0+deb11u1 Version in overlay suite: 13.11-0+deb11u1 Base version: postgresql-13_13.11-0+deb11u1 Target version: postgresql-13_13.12-0+deb11u1 Base file: /srv/ftp-master.debian.org/ftp/pool/main/p/postgresql-13/postgresql-13_13.11-0+deb11u1.dsc Target file: /srv/ftp-master.debian.org/policy/pool/main/p/postgresql-13/postgresql-13_13.12-0+deb11u1.dsc .gitrevision | 2 configure | 24 configure.in | 5 contrib/fuzzystrmatch/expected/fuzzystrmatch.out | 6 contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c | 15 contrib/fuzzystrmatch/sql/fuzzystrmatch.sql | 1 contrib/hstore/Makefile | 2 contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8.out | 36 contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8_1.out | 8 contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c | 9 contrib/hstore/sql/hstore_utf8.sql | 19 contrib/intarray/_int_gist.c | 12 contrib/intarray/_intbig_gist.c | 3 contrib/intarray/expected/_int.out | 2 contrib/intarray/sql/_int.sql | 2 contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out | 26 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql | 3 debian/changelog | 16 doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml | 3 doc/src/sgml/custom-scan.sgml | 19 doc/src/sgml/func.sgml | 30 doc/src/sgml/history.sgml | 2 doc/src/sgml/html/acronyms.html | 6 doc/src/sgml/html/admin.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/adminpack.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/amcheck.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-clusterdb.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-createdb.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-createuser.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropdb.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropuser.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-ecpg.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-initdb.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-ctl.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-dumpall.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-isready.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgbasebackup.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgchecksums.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgconfig.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgcontroldata.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgdump.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivewal.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivexlog.html | 6 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrecvlogical.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetwal.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetxlog.html | 6 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrestore.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrewind.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgverifybackup.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-postgres.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-postmaster.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-psql.html | 6 doc/src/sgml/html/app-reindexdb.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/app-vacuumdb.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/appendix-obsolete.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/appendixes.html | 2 doc/src/sgml/html/applevel-consistency.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/arrays.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-bsd.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-cert.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-delay.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-ident.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-ldap.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-methods.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-pam.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-password.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-peer.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/auth-pg-hba-conf.html 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doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-partitioned-table.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-policy.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-proc.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-publication-rel.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-publication.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-range.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-replication-origin.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-rewrite.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-seclabel.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-sequence.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-shdepend.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-shdescription.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-shseclabel.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-statistic-ext-data.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-statistic-ext.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-statistic.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-subscription-rel.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-subscription.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-tablespace.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/catalog-pg-transform.html | 4 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doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-build-sql-delete.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-build-sql-insert.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-build-sql-update.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-cancel-query.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-close.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-connect-u.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-connect.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-disconnect.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-error-message.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-exec.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-fetch.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-function.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-get-connections.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-get-notify.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-get-pkey.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-get-result.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-is-busy.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-open.html | 4 doc/src/sgml/html/contrib-dblink-send-query.html | 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doc/src/sgml/man3/SPI_scroll_cursor_fetch.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/SPI_scroll_cursor_move.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/SPI_start_transaction.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/SPI_unregister_relation.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_build_sql_delete.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_build_sql_insert.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_build_sql_update.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_cancel_query.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_close.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_connect.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_connect_u.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_disconnect.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_error_message.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_exec.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_fetch.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_get_connections.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_get_notify.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_get_pkey.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_get_result.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_is_busy.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_open.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man3/dblink_send_query.3 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ABORT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_AGGREGATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_COLLATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_CONVERSION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_DATABASE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_DEFAULT_PRIVILEGES.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_DOMAIN.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_EVENT_TRIGGER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_EXTENSION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_FOREIGN_TABLE.7 | 8 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_FUNCTION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_GROUP.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_INDEX.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_LANGUAGE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_LARGE_OBJECT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_MATERIALIZED_VIEW.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_OPERATOR.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_OPERATOR_CLASS.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_OPERATOR_FAMILY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_POLICY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_PROCEDURE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_PUBLICATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_ROLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_ROUTINE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_RULE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_SCHEMA.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_SEQUENCE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_SERVER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_STATISTICS.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_SUBSCRIPTION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_SYSTEM.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_TABLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_TABLESPACE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_TEXT_SEARCH_CONFIGURATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_TEXT_SEARCH_DICTIONARY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_TEXT_SEARCH_PARSER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_TEXT_SEARCH_TEMPLATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_TRIGGER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_TYPE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_USER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_USER_MAPPING.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ALTER_VIEW.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ANALYZE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/BEGIN.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CALL.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CHECKPOINT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CLOSE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CLUSTER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/COMMENT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/COMMIT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/COMMIT_PREPARED.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/COPY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_ACCESS_METHOD.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_AGGREGATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_CAST.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_COLLATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_CONVERSION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_DATABASE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_DOMAIN.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_EVENT_TRIGGER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_EXTENSION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_FOREIGN_TABLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_FUNCTION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_GROUP.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_INDEX.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_LANGUAGE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_MATERIALIZED_VIEW.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_OPERATOR.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_OPERATOR_CLASS.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_OPERATOR_FAMILY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_POLICY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_PROCEDURE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_PUBLICATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_ROLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_RULE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_SCHEMA.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_SEQUENCE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_SERVER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_STATISTICS.7 | 9 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_SUBSCRIPTION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TABLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TABLESPACE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TABLE_AS.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TEXT_SEARCH_CONFIGURATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TEXT_SEARCH_DICTIONARY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TEXT_SEARCH_PARSER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TEXT_SEARCH_TEMPLATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TRANSFORM.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TRIGGER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_TYPE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_USER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_USER_MAPPING.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/CREATE_VIEW.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DEALLOCATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DECLARE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DELETE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DISCARD.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DO.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_ACCESS_METHOD.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_AGGREGATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_CAST.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_COLLATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_CONVERSION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_DATABASE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_DOMAIN.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_EVENT_TRIGGER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_EXTENSION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_FOREIGN_TABLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_FUNCTION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_GROUP.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_INDEX.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_LANGUAGE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_MATERIALIZED_VIEW.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_OPERATOR.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_OPERATOR_CLASS.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_OPERATOR_FAMILY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_OWNED.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_POLICY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_PROCEDURE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_PUBLICATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_ROLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_ROUTINE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_RULE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_SCHEMA.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_SEQUENCE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_SERVER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_STATISTICS.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_SUBSCRIPTION.7 | 9 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TABLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TABLESPACE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TEXT_SEARCH_CONFIGURATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TEXT_SEARCH_DICTIONARY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TEXT_SEARCH_PARSER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TEXT_SEARCH_TEMPLATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TRANSFORM.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TRIGGER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_TYPE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_USER.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_USER_MAPPING.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/DROP_VIEW.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/END.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/EXECUTE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/EXPLAIN.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/FETCH.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/GRANT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/IMPORT_FOREIGN_SCHEMA.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/INSERT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/LISTEN.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/LOAD.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/LOCK.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/MOVE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/NOTIFY.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/PREPARE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/PREPARE_TRANSACTION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/REASSIGN_OWNED.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/REFRESH_MATERIALIZED_VIEW.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/REINDEX.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/RELEASE_SAVEPOINT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/RESET.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/REVOKE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ROLLBACK.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ROLLBACK_PREPARED.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/ROLLBACK_TO_SAVEPOINT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SAVEPOINT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SECURITY_LABEL.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SELECT.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SELECT_INTO.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SET.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SET_CONSTRAINTS.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SET_ROLE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SET_SESSION_AUTHORIZATION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SET_TRANSACTION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/SHOW.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/START_TRANSACTION.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/TRUNCATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/UNLISTEN.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/UPDATE.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/VACUUM.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/man7/VALUES.7 | 6 doc/src/sgml/queries.sgml | 2 doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_foreign_table.sgml | 2 doc/src/sgml/ref/create_statistics.sgml | 6 doc/src/sgml/ref/drop_subscription.sgml | 8 doc/src/sgml/release-13.sgml | 860 +++++++++ doc/src/sgml/spi.sgml | 48 doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml | 2 src/backend/access/brin/brin.c | 146 + src/backend/access/brin/brin_inclusion.c | 10 src/backend/access/brin/brin_minmax.c | 10 src/backend/access/brin/brin_tuple.c | 14 src/backend/access/gin/ginfast.c | 9 src/backend/access/gin/ginget.c | 4 src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c | 6 src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtpage.c | 68 src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtree.c | 3 src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtsearch.c | 39 src/backend/access/transam/twophase.c | 33 src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c | 114 - src/backend/catalog/index.c | 2 src/backend/commands/dbcommands.c | 100 - src/backend/commands/extension.c | 32 src/backend/commands/indexcmds.c | 29 src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c | 3 src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 23 src/backend/commands/trigger.c | 33 src/backend/commands/vacuum.c | 18 src/backend/executor/execExprInterp.c | 29 src/backend/executor/execUtils.c | 21 src/backend/executor/nodeIncrementalSort.c | 7 src/backend/jit/llvm/llvmjit.c | 2 src/backend/libpq/hba.c | 4 src/backend/optimizer/path/indxpath.c | 9 src/backend/optimizer/path/joinpath.c | 19 src/backend/optimizer/plan/analyzejoins.c | 9 src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c | 12 src/backend/optimizer/plan/subselect.c | 6 src/backend/optimizer/util/restrictinfo.c | 29 src/backend/po/de.po | 921 +++++---- src/backend/po/fr.po | 832 ++++---- src/backend/po/ja.po | 934 +++++----- src/backend/po/zh_CN.po | 2 src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c | 12 src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c | 6 src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c | 1 src/backend/storage/lmgr/README | 34 src/backend/storage/lmgr/deadlock.c | 9 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lock.c | 32 src/backend/storage/lmgr/proc.c | 18 src/backend/storage/smgr/md.c | 3 src/backend/tcop/postgres.c | 14 src/backend/tsearch/wparser_def.c | 15 src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath.c | 3 src/backend/utils/adt/jsonpath_exec.c | 17 src/backend/utils/cache/plancache.c | 8 src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c | 1 src/backend/utils/init/postinit.c | 10 src/backend/utils/mmgr/dsa.c | 65 src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl | 24 src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dumpall.c | 4 src/bin/pg_dump/t/002_pg_dump.pl | 21 src/bin/scripts/clusterdb.c | 4 src/bin/scripts/reindexdb.c | 4 src/bin/scripts/t/011_clusterdb_all.pl | 15 src/bin/scripts/t/050_dropdb.pl | 11 src/bin/scripts/t/091_reindexdb_all.pl | 15 src/bin/scripts/t/101_vacuumdb_all.pl | 15 src/bin/scripts/vacuumdb.c | 2 src/include/access/brin_tuple.h | 6 src/include/catalog/pg_database.h | 20 src/include/lib/simplehash.h | 4 src/include/nodes/pathnodes.h | 13 src/include/optimizer/restrictinfo.h | 2 src/include/pg_config.h.in | 4 src/test/isolation/expected/eval-plan-qual.out | 124 + src/test/isolation/specs/eval-plan-qual.spec | 20 src/test/kerberos/t/001_auth.pl | 9 src/test/ldap/t/001_auth.pl | 10 src/test/modules/brin/expected/summarization-and-inprogress-insertion.out | 8 src/test/modules/brin/specs/summarization-and-inprogress-insertion.spec | 1 src/test/modules/test_extensions/Makefile | 2 src/test/modules/test_extensions/expected/test_extensions.out | 30 src/test/modules/test_extensions/sql/test_extensions.sql | 17 src/test/modules/test_extensions/test_ext_extschema--1.0.sql | 5 src/test/modules/test_extensions/test_ext_extschema.control | 3 src/test/perl/PostgresNode.pm | 15 src/test/perl/TestLib.pm | 7 src/test/recovery/t/019_replslot_limit.pl | 25 src/test/recovery/t/033_replay_tsp_drops.pl | 14 src/test/recovery/t/037_invalid_database.pl | 157 + src/test/regress/expected/indexing.out | 128 + src/test/regress/expected/join.out | 17 src/test/regress/expected/join_hash.out | 36 src/test/regress/expected/jsonb_jsonpath.out | 15 src/test/regress/expected/psql.out | 11 src/test/regress/expected/rowtypes.out | 9 src/test/regress/expected/transactions.out | 76 src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out | 32 src/test/regress/sql/indexing.sql | 91 src/test/regress/sql/join.sql | 9 src/test/regress/sql/join_hash.sql | 19 src/test/regress/sql/jsonb_jsonpath.sql | 3 src/test/regress/sql/psql.sql | 8 src/test/regress/sql/rowtypes.sql | 5 src/test/regress/sql/transactions.sql | 64 src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql | 17 src/tools/msvc/Solution.pm | 10 1542 files changed, 7855 insertions(+), 5046 deletions(-) diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/.gitrevision postgresql-13-13.12/.gitrevision --- postgresql-13-13.11/.gitrevision 2023-05-08 21:32:52.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/.gitrevision 2023-08-07 20:31:14.000000000 +0000 @@ -1 +1 @@ -2faab87390b03929a8cbb5a9336a04faa45a27c5 +c9d50b21a72d2bbc092ea9d7de4d4c044d8f8275 diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/configure postgresql-13-13.12/configure --- postgresql-13-13.11/configure 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/configure 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ #! /bin/sh # Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles. -# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for PostgreSQL 13.11. +# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for PostgreSQL 13.12. # # Report bugs to . # @@ -582,8 +582,8 @@ # Identity of this package. PACKAGE_NAME='PostgreSQL' PACKAGE_TARNAME='postgresql' -PACKAGE_VERSION='13.11' -PACKAGE_STRING='PostgreSQL 13.11' +PACKAGE_VERSION='13.12' +PACKAGE_STRING='PostgreSQL 13.12' PACKAGE_BUGREPORT='pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org' PACKAGE_URL='https://www.postgresql.org/' @@ -1436,7 +1436,7 @@ # Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing. # This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh. cat <<_ACEOF -\`configure' configures PostgreSQL 13.11 to adapt to many kinds of systems. +\`configure' configures PostgreSQL 13.12 to adapt to many kinds of systems. Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]... @@ -1501,7 +1501,7 @@ if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then case $ac_init_help in - short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of PostgreSQL 13.11:";; + short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of PostgreSQL 13.12:";; esac cat <<\_ACEOF @@ -1668,7 +1668,7 @@ test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status if $ac_init_version; then cat <<\_ACEOF -PostgreSQL configure 13.11 +PostgreSQL configure 13.12 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @@ -2421,7 +2421,7 @@ This file contains any messages produced by compilers while running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake. -It was created by PostgreSQL $as_me 13.11, which was +It was created by PostgreSQL $as_me 13.12, which was generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69. Invocation command line was $ $0 $@ @@ -12477,7 +12477,11 @@ fi if test "$with_openssl" = yes ; then - if test "$PORTNAME" != "win32"; then + # Minimum required OpenSSL version is 1.0.1 + +$as_echo "#define OPENSSL_API_COMPAT 0x10001000L" >>confdefs.h + + if test "$PORTNAME" != "win32"; then { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for CRYPTO_new_ex_data in -lcrypto" >&5 $as_echo_n "checking for CRYPTO_new_ex_data in -lcrypto... " >&6; } if ${ac_cv_lib_crypto_CRYPTO_new_ex_data+:} false; then : @@ -20031,7 +20035,7 @@ # report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their # values after options handling. ac_log=" -This file was extended by PostgreSQL $as_me 13.11, which was +This file was extended by PostgreSQL $as_me 13.12, which was generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69. Invocation command line was CONFIG_FILES = $CONFIG_FILES @@ -20102,7 +20106,7 @@ cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1 ac_cs_config="`$as_echo "$ac_configure_args" | sed 's/^ //; s/[\\""\`\$]/\\\\&/g'`" ac_cs_version="\\ -PostgreSQL config.status 13.11 +PostgreSQL config.status 13.12 configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69, with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\" diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/configure.in postgresql-13-13.12/configure.in --- postgresql-13-13.11/configure.in 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/configure.in 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ dnl m4_pattern_forbid(^PGAC_)dnl to catch undefined macros -AC_INIT([PostgreSQL], [13.11], [pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org], [], [https://www.postgresql.org/]) +AC_INIT([PostgreSQL], [13.12], [pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org], [], [https://www.postgresql.org/]) m4_if(m4_defn([m4_PACKAGE_VERSION]), [2.69], [], [m4_fatal([Autoconf version 2.69 is required. Untested combinations of 'autoconf' and PostgreSQL versions are not @@ -1258,6 +1258,9 @@ if test "$with_openssl" = yes ; then dnl Order matters! + # Minimum required OpenSSL version is 1.0.1 + AC_DEFINE(OPENSSL_API_COMPAT, [0x10001000L], + [Define to the OpenSSL API version in use. This avoids deprecation warnings from newer OpenSSL versions.]) if test "$PORTNAME" != "win32"; then AC_CHECK_LIB(crypto, CRYPTO_new_ex_data, [], [AC_MSG_ERROR([library 'crypto' is required for OpenSSL])]) AC_CHECK_LIB(ssl, SSL_new, [], [AC_MSG_ERROR([library 'ssl' is required for OpenSSL])]) diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/expected/fuzzystrmatch.out postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/expected/fuzzystrmatch.out --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/expected/fuzzystrmatch.out 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/expected/fuzzystrmatch.out 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -23,6 +23,12 @@ A500 | M626 | 0 (1 row) +SELECT soundex(''), difference('', ''); + soundex | difference +---------+------------ + | 4 +(1 row) + SELECT levenshtein('GUMBO', 'GAMBOL'); levenshtein ------------- diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/fuzzystrmatch.c 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -727,16 +727,14 @@ AssertArg(instr); AssertArg(outstr); - outstr[SOUNDEX_LEN] = '\0'; - /* Skip leading non-alphabetic characters */ - while (!isalpha((unsigned char) instr[0]) && instr[0]) + while (*instr && !isalpha((unsigned char) *instr)) ++instr; - /* No string left */ - if (!instr[0]) + /* If no string left, return all-zeroes buffer */ + if (!*instr) { - outstr[0] = (char) 0; + memset(outstr, '\0', SOUNDEX_LEN + 1); return; } @@ -749,7 +747,7 @@ if (isalpha((unsigned char) *instr) && soundex_code(*instr) != soundex_code(*(instr - 1))) { - *outstr = soundex_code(instr[0]); + *outstr = soundex_code(*instr); if (*outstr != '0') { ++outstr; @@ -766,6 +764,9 @@ ++outstr; ++count; } + + /* And null-terminate */ + *outstr = '\0'; } PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(difference); diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/sql/fuzzystrmatch.sql postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/sql/fuzzystrmatch.sql --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/sql/fuzzystrmatch.sql 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/fuzzystrmatch/sql/fuzzystrmatch.sql 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ SELECT soundex('Anne'), soundex('Ann'), difference('Anne', 'Ann'); SELECT soundex('Anne'), soundex('Andrew'), difference('Anne', 'Andrew'); SELECT soundex('Anne'), soundex('Margaret'), difference('Anne', 'Margaret'); +SELECT soundex(''), difference('', ''); SELECT levenshtein('GUMBO', 'GAMBOL'); diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/Makefile postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/Makefile --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/Makefile 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/Makefile 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ HEADERS = hstore.h -REGRESS = hstore +REGRESS = hstore hstore_utf8 ifdef USE_PGXS PG_CONFIG = pg_config diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8.out postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8.out --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8.out 1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8.out 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +/* + * This test must be run in a database with UTF-8 encoding, + * because other encodings don't support all the characters used. + */ +SELECT getdatabaseencoding() <> 'UTF8' + AS skip_test \gset +\if :skip_test +\quit +\endif +SET client_encoding = utf8; +-- UTF-8 locale bug on macOS: isspace(0x85) returns true. \u0105 encodes +-- as 0xc4 0x85 in UTF-8; the 0x85 was interpreted here as a whitespace. +SELECT E'key\u0105=>value\u0105'::hstore; + hstore +------------------ + "keyą"=>"valueą" +(1 row) + +SELECT 'keyą=>valueą'::hstore; + hstore +------------------ + "keyą"=>"valueą" +(1 row) + +SELECT 'ą=>ą'::hstore; + hstore +---------- + "ą"=>"ą" +(1 row) + +SELECT 'keyąfoo=>valueą'::hstore; + hstore +--------------------- + "keyąfoo"=>"valueą" +(1 row) + diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8_1.out postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8_1.out --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8_1.out 1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/expected/hstore_utf8_1.out 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +/* + * This test must be run in a database with UTF-8 encoding, + * because other encodings don't support all the characters used. + */ +SELECT getdatabaseencoding() <> 'UTF8' + AS skip_test \gset +\if :skip_test +\quit diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ #include "hstore.h" #include "lib/stringinfo.h" #include "libpq/pqformat.h" +#include "parser/scansup.h" #include "utils/builtins.h" #include "utils/json.h" #include "utils/jsonb.h" @@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ { st = GV_WAITESCIN; } - else if (!isspace((unsigned char) *(state->ptr))) + else if (!scanner_isspace((unsigned char) *(state->ptr))) { *(state->cur) = *(state->ptr); state->cur++; @@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ state->ptr--; return true; } - else if (isspace((unsigned char) *(state->ptr))) + else if (scanner_isspace((unsigned char) *(state->ptr))) { return true; } @@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ { elog(ERROR, "Unexpected end of string"); } - else if (!isspace((unsigned char) *(state->ptr))) + else if (!scanner_isspace((unsigned char) *(state->ptr))) { elog(ERROR, "Syntax error near '%c' at position %d", *(state->ptr), (int32) (state->ptr - state->begin)); } @@ -265,7 +266,7 @@ { return; } - else if (!isspace((unsigned char) *(state->ptr))) + else if (!scanner_isspace((unsigned char) *(state->ptr))) { elog(ERROR, "Syntax error near '%c' at position %d", *(state->ptr), (int32) (state->ptr - state->begin)); } diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/sql/hstore_utf8.sql postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/sql/hstore_utf8.sql --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/hstore/sql/hstore_utf8.sql 1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/hstore/sql/hstore_utf8.sql 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +/* + * This test must be run in a database with UTF-8 encoding, + * because other encodings don't support all the characters used. + */ + +SELECT getdatabaseencoding() <> 'UTF8' + AS skip_test \gset +\if :skip_test +\quit +\endif + +SET client_encoding = utf8; + +-- UTF-8 locale bug on macOS: isspace(0x85) returns true. \u0105 encodes +-- as 0xc4 0x85 in UTF-8; the 0x85 was interpreted here as a whitespace. +SELECT E'key\u0105=>value\u0105'::hstore; +SELECT 'keyą=>valueą'::hstore; +SELECT 'ą=>ą'::hstore; +SELECT 'keyąfoo=>valueą'::hstore; diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/intarray/_int_gist.c postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/intarray/_int_gist.c --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/intarray/_int_gist.c 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/intarray/_int_gist.c 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -174,8 +174,10 @@ PREPAREARR(r); if (ARRNELEMS(r) >= 2 * num_ranges) - elog(NOTICE, "input array is too big (%d maximum allowed, %d current), use gist__intbig_ops opclass instead", - 2 * num_ranges - 1, ARRNELEMS(r)); + ereport(ERROR, + (errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED), + errmsg("input array is too big (%d maximum allowed, %d current), use gist__intbig_ops opclass instead", + 2 * num_ranges - 1, ARRNELEMS(r)))); retval = palloc(sizeof(GISTENTRY)); gistentryinit(*retval, PointerGetDatum(r), @@ -263,7 +265,8 @@ lenr = internal_size(dr, len); if (lenr < 0 || lenr > MAXNUMELTS) ereport(ERROR, - (errmsg("data is too sparse, recreate index using gist__intbig_ops opclass instead"))); + (errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED), + errmsg("data is too sparse, recreate index using gist__intbig_ops opclass instead"))); r = resize_intArrayType(r, len); retval = palloc(sizeof(GISTENTRY)); @@ -325,7 +328,8 @@ lenr = internal_size(din, lenin); if (lenr < 0 || lenr > MAXNUMELTS) ereport(ERROR, - (errmsg("compressed array is too big, recreate index using gist__intbig_ops opclass instead"))); + (errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED), + errmsg("compressed array is too big, recreate index using gist__intbig_ops opclass instead"))); r = new_intArrayType(lenr); dr = ARRPTR(r); diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/intarray/_intbig_gist.c postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/intarray/_intbig_gist.c --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/intarray/_intbig_gist.c 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/intarray/_intbig_gist.c 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -174,9 +174,6 @@ entry->rel, entry->page, entry->offset, false); - if (in != DatumGetArrayTypeP(entry->key)) - pfree(in); - PG_RETURN_POINTER(retval); } else if (!ISALLTRUE(DatumGetPointer(entry->key))) diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/intarray/expected/_int.out postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/intarray/expected/_int.out --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/intarray/expected/_int.out 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/intarray/expected/_int.out 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -547,6 +547,8 @@ 6343 (1 row) +INSERT INTO test__int SELECT array(SELECT x FROM generate_series(1, 1001) x); -- should fail +ERROR: input array is too big (199 maximum allowed, 1001 current), use gist__intbig_ops opclass instead DROP INDEX text_idx; CREATE INDEX text_idx on test__int using gist (a gist__int_ops(numranges = 0)); ERROR: value 0 out of bounds for option "numranges" diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/intarray/sql/_int.sql postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/intarray/sql/_int.sql --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/intarray/sql/_int.sql 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/intarray/sql/_int.sql 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -110,6 +110,8 @@ SELECT count(*) from test__int WHERE a @@ '20 | !21'; SELECT count(*) from test__int WHERE a @@ '!20 & !21'; +INSERT INTO test__int SELECT array(SELECT x FROM generate_series(1, 1001) x); -- should fail + DROP INDEX text_idx; CREATE INDEX text_idx on test__int using gist (a gist__int_ops(numranges = 0)); CREATE INDEX text_idx on test__int using gist (a gist__int_ops(numranges = 253)); diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -2188,6 +2188,32 @@ 1 (10 rows) +-- join with pseudoconstant quals, not pushed down. +EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) +SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1 AND CURRENT_USER = SESSION_USER) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; + QUERY PLAN +------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + Limit + Output: t1.c1, t2.c1, t1.c3 + -> Sort + Output: t1.c1, t2.c1, t1.c3 + Sort Key: t1.c3, t1.c1 + -> Result + Output: t1.c1, t2.c1, t1.c3 + One-Time Filter: (CURRENT_USER = SESSION_USER) + -> Hash Join + Output: t1.c1, t1.c3, t2.c1 + Hash Cond: (t2.c1 = t1.c1) + -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 t2 + Output: t2.c1 + Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" + -> Hash + Output: t1.c1, t1.c3 + -> Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 + Output: t1.c1, t1.c3 + Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c3 FROM "S 1"."T 1" +(19 rows) + -- non-Var items in targetlist of the nullable rel of a join preventing -- push-down in some cases -- unable to push {ft1, ft2} diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql --- postgresql-13-13.11/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -583,6 +583,9 @@ EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1."C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1, LATERAL (SELECT DISTINCT t2.c1, t3.c1 FROM ft1 t2, ft2 t3 WHERE t2.c1 = t3.c1 AND t2.c2 = t1.c2) q ORDER BY t1."C 1" OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10; SELECT t1."C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1, LATERAL (SELECT DISTINCT t2.c1, t3.c1 FROM ft1 t2, ft2 t3 WHERE t2.c1 = t3.c1 AND t2.c2 = t1.c2) q ORDER BY t1."C 1" OFFSET 10 LIMIT 10; +-- join with pseudoconstant quals, not pushed down. +EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) +SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1 AND CURRENT_USER = SESSION_USER) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; -- non-Var items in targetlist of the nullable rel of a join preventing -- push-down in some cases diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/debian/changelog postgresql-13-13.12/debian/changelog --- postgresql-13-13.11/debian/changelog 2023-05-10 18:35:39.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/debian/changelog 2023-10-01 19:59:50.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,3 +1,19 @@ +postgresql-13 (13.12-0+deb11u1) bullseye; urgency=medium + + * New upstream version. + + + Disallow substituting a schema or owner name into an extension script if + the name contains a quote, backslash, or dollar sign (Noah Misch) + + This restriction guards against SQL-injection hazards for trusted + extensions. + + The PostgreSQL Project thanks Micah Gate, Valerie Woolard, Tim + Carey-Smith, and Christoph Berg for reporting this problem. + (CVE-2023-39417) + + -- Christoph Berg Sun, 01 Oct 2023 21:59:50 +0200 + postgresql-13 (13.11-0+deb11u1) bullseye-security; urgency=medium * New upstream version. diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -2951,7 +2951,8 @@ Sets maximum number of concurrent connections that can be made - to this database. -1 means no limit. + to this database. -1 means no limit, -2 indicates the database is + invalid. diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/custom-scan.sgml postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/custom-scan.sgml --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/custom-scan.sgml 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/custom-scan.sgml 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ by nodeToString, so that debugging routines that attempt to print the custom path will work as designed. methods must point to a (usually statically allocated) object implementing the required - custom path methods, of which there is currently only one. + custom path methods, which are further detailed below. @@ -123,6 +123,23 @@ be a CustomScan object, which the callback must allocate and initialize. See for more details. + + + +List *(*ReparameterizeCustomPathByChild) (PlannerInfo *root, + List *custom_private, + RelOptInfo *child_rel); + + This callback is called while converting a path parameterized by the + top-most parent of the given child relation child_rel + to be parameterized by the child relation. The callback is used to + reparameterize any paths or translate any expression nodes saved in the + given custom_private member of a + CustomPath. The callback may use + reparameterize_path_by_child, + adjust_appendrel_attrs or + adjust_appendrel_attrs_multilevel as required. + diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -20352,7 +20352,7 @@ The right-hand side is a parenthesized list - of scalar expressions. The result is true if the left-hand expression's + of expressions. The result is true if the left-hand expression's result is equal to any of the right-hand expressions. This is a shorthand notation for @@ -20383,7 +20383,7 @@ The right-hand side is a parenthesized list - of scalar expressions. The result is true if the left-hand expression's + of expressions. The result is true if the left-hand expression's result is unequal to all of the right-hand expressions. This is a shorthand notation for @@ -20494,26 +20494,24 @@ Each side is a row constructor, as described in . - The two row values must have the same number of fields. - Each side is evaluated and they are compared row-wise. Row constructor - comparisons are allowed when the operator is + The two row constructors must have the same number of fields. + The given operator is applied to each pair + of corresponding fields. (Since the fields could be of different + types, this means that a different specific operator could be selected + for each pair.) + All the selected operators must be members of some B-tree operator + class, or be the negator of an = member of a B-tree + operator class, meaning that row constructor comparison is only + possible when the operator is =, <>, <, <=, - > or - >=. - Every row element must be of a type which has a default B-tree operator - class or the attempted comparison may generate an error. + >, or + >=, + or has semantics similar to one of these. - - - Errors related to the number or types of elements might not occur if - the comparison is resolved using earlier columns. - - - The = and <> cases work slightly differently from the others. Two rows are considered diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/history.sgml postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/history.sgml --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/history.sgml 2023-05-08 21:17:31.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/history.sgml 2023-08-07 20:11:34.000000000 +0000 @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ The object-relational database management system now known as PostgreSQL is derived from the POSTGRES package written at the - University of California at Berkeley. With over two decades of + University of California at Berkeley. With decades of development behind it, PostgreSQL is now the most advanced open-source database available anywhere. diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/acronyms.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/acronyms.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/acronyms.html 2023-05-08 21:34:17.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/acronyms.html 2023-08-07 20:32:38.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -Appendix L. Acronyms
Appendix L. Acronyms
Prev UpPart VIII. AppendixesHome Next

Appendix L. Acronyms

+Appendix L. Acronyms

Appendix L. Acronyms
Prev UpPart VIII. AppendixesHome Next

Appendix L. Acronyms

This is a list of acronyms commonly used in the PostgreSQL documentation and in discussions about PostgreSQL. @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Pluggable Authentication Modules

PGSQL

- PostgreSQL + PostgreSQL

PGXS

PostgreSQL Extension System

PID

@@ -209,4 +209,4 @@ Extensible Markup Language

-

Prev Up Next
Appendix K. PostgreSQL Limits Home Appendix M. Glossary
\ No newline at end of file +

Prev Up Next
Appendix K. PostgreSQL Limits Home Appendix M. Glossary
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/admin.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/admin.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/admin.html 2023-05-08 21:33:56.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/admin.html 2023-08-07 20:32:15.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -Part III. Server Administration
Part III. Server Administration
Prev UpPostgreSQL 13.11 DocumentationHome Next

Part III. Server Administration

+Part III. Server Administration

Part III. Server Administration
Prev UpPostgreSQL 13.12 DocumentationHome Next

Part III. Server Administration

This part covers topics that are of interest to a PostgreSQL database administrator. This includes installation of the software, set up and configuration of the @@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ the PostgreSQL database system. Readers are encouraged to look at Part I and Part II for additional information.

Table of Contents

16. Installation from Source Code
16.1. Short Version
16.2. Requirements
16.3. Getting the Source
16.4. Installation Procedure
16.5. Post-Installation Setup
16.6. Supported Platforms
16.7. Platform-Specific Notes
17. Installation from Source Code on Windows
17.1. Building with Visual C++ or the - Microsoft Windows SDK
18. Server Setup and Operation
18.1. The PostgreSQL User Account
18.2. Creating a Database Cluster
18.3. Starting the Database Server
18.4. Managing Kernel Resources
18.5. Shutting Down the Server
18.6. Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster
18.7. Preventing Server Spoofing
18.8. Encryption Options
18.9. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSL
18.10. Secure TCP/IP Connections with GSSAPI Encryption
18.11. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSH Tunnels
18.12. Registering Event Log on Windows
19. Server Configuration
19.1. Setting Parameters
19.2. File Locations
19.3. Connections and Authentication
19.4. Resource Consumption
19.5. Write Ahead Log
19.6. Replication
19.7. Query Planning
19.8. Error Reporting and Logging
19.9. Run-time Statistics
19.10. Automatic Vacuuming
19.11. Client Connection Defaults
19.12. Lock Management
19.13. Version and Platform Compatibility
19.14. Error Handling
19.15. Preset Options
19.16. Customized Options
19.17. Developer Options
19.18. Short Options
20. Client Authentication
20.1. The pg_hba.conf File
20.2. User Name Maps
20.3. Authentication Methods
20.4. Trust Authentication
20.5. Password Authentication
20.6. GSSAPI Authentication
20.7. SSPI Authentication
20.8. Ident Authentication
20.9. Peer Authentication
20.10. LDAP Authentication
20.11. RADIUS Authentication
20.12. Certificate Authentication
20.13. PAM Authentication
20.14. BSD Authentication
20.15. Authentication Problems
21. Database Roles
21.1. Database Roles
21.2. Role Attributes
21.3. Role Membership
21.4. Dropping Roles
21.5. Default Roles
21.6. Function Security
22. Managing Databases
22.1. Overview
22.2. Creating a Database
22.3. Template Databases
22.4. Database Configuration
22.5. Destroying a Database
22.6. Tablespaces
23. Localization
23.1. Locale Support
23.2. Collation Support
23.3. Character Set Support
24. Routine Database Maintenance Tasks
24.1. Routine Vacuuming
24.2. Routine Reindexing
24.3. Log File Maintenance
25. Backup and Restore
25.1. SQL Dump
25.2. File System Level Backup
25.3. Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
26. High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
26.1. Comparison of Different Solutions
26.2. Log-Shipping Standby Servers
26.3. Failover
26.4. Alternative Method for Log Shipping
26.5. Hot Standby
27. Monitoring Database Activity
27.1. Standard Unix Tools
27.2. The Statistics Collector
27.3. Viewing Locks
27.4. Progress Reporting
27.5. Dynamic Tracing
28. Monitoring Disk Usage
28.1. Determining Disk Usage
28.2. Disk Full Failure
29. Reliability and the Write-Ahead Log
29.1. Reliability
29.2. Write-Ahead Logging (WAL)
29.3. Asynchronous Commit
29.4. WAL Configuration
29.5. WAL Internals
30. Logical Replication
30.1. Publication
30.2. Subscription
30.3. Conflicts
30.4. Restrictions
30.5. Architecture
30.6. Monitoring
30.7. Security
30.8. Configuration Settings
30.9. Quick Setup
31. Just-in-Time Compilation (JIT)
31.1. What Is JIT compilation?
31.2. When to JIT?
31.3. Configuration
31.4. Extensibility
32. Regression Tests
32.1. Running the Tests
32.2. Test Evaluation
32.3. Variant Comparison Files
32.4. TAP Tests
32.5. Test Coverage Examination
Prev Up Next
15.4. Parallel Safety Home Chapter 16. Installation from Source Code
\ No newline at end of file + Microsoft Windows SDK
18. Server Setup and Operation
18.1. The PostgreSQL User Account
18.2. Creating a Database Cluster
18.3. Starting the Database Server
18.4. Managing Kernel Resources
18.5. Shutting Down the Server
18.6. Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster
18.7. Preventing Server Spoofing
18.8. Encryption Options
18.9. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSL
18.10. Secure TCP/IP Connections with GSSAPI Encryption
18.11. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSH Tunnels
18.12. Registering Event Log on Windows
19. Server Configuration
19.1. Setting Parameters
19.2. File Locations
19.3. Connections and Authentication
19.4. Resource Consumption
19.5. Write Ahead Log
19.6. Replication
19.7. Query Planning
19.8. Error Reporting and Logging
19.9. Run-time Statistics
19.10. Automatic Vacuuming
19.11. Client Connection Defaults
19.12. Lock Management
19.13. Version and Platform Compatibility
19.14. Error Handling
19.15. Preset Options
19.16. Customized Options
19.17. Developer Options
19.18. Short Options
20. Client Authentication
20.1. The pg_hba.conf File
20.2. User Name Maps
20.3. Authentication Methods
20.4. Trust Authentication
20.5. Password Authentication
20.6. GSSAPI Authentication
20.7. SSPI Authentication
20.8. Ident Authentication
20.9. Peer Authentication
20.10. LDAP Authentication
20.11. RADIUS Authentication
20.12. Certificate Authentication
20.13. PAM Authentication
20.14. BSD Authentication
20.15. Authentication Problems
21. Database Roles
21.1. Database Roles
21.2. Role Attributes
21.3. Role Membership
21.4. Dropping Roles
21.5. Default Roles
21.6. Function Security
22. Managing Databases
22.1. Overview
22.2. Creating a Database
22.3. Template Databases
22.4. Database Configuration
22.5. Destroying a Database
22.6. Tablespaces
23. Localization
23.1. Locale Support
23.2. Collation Support
23.3. Character Set Support
24. Routine Database Maintenance Tasks
24.1. Routine Vacuuming
24.2. Routine Reindexing
24.3. Log File Maintenance
25. Backup and Restore
25.1. SQL Dump
25.2. File System Level Backup
25.3. Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
26. High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
26.1. Comparison of Different Solutions
26.2. Log-Shipping Standby Servers
26.3. Failover
26.4. Alternative Method for Log Shipping
26.5. Hot Standby
27. Monitoring Database Activity
27.1. Standard Unix Tools
27.2. The Statistics Collector
27.3. Viewing Locks
27.4. Progress Reporting
27.5. Dynamic Tracing
28. Monitoring Disk Usage
28.1. Determining Disk Usage
28.2. Disk Full Failure
29. Reliability and the Write-Ahead Log
29.1. Reliability
29.2. Write-Ahead Logging (WAL)
29.3. Asynchronous Commit
29.4. WAL Configuration
29.5. WAL Internals
30. Logical Replication
30.1. Publication
30.2. Subscription
30.3. Conflicts
30.4. Restrictions
30.5. Architecture
30.6. Monitoring
30.7. Security
30.8. Configuration Settings
30.9. Quick Setup
31. Just-in-Time Compilation (JIT)
31.1. What Is JIT compilation?
31.2. When to JIT?
31.3. Configuration
31.4. Extensibility
32. Regression Tests
32.1. Running the Tests
32.2. Test Evaluation
32.3. Variant Comparison Files
32.4. TAP Tests
32.5. Test Coverage Examination
Prev Up Next
15.4. Parallel Safety Home Chapter 16. Installation from Source Code
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/adminpack.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/adminpack.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/adminpack.html 2023-05-08 21:34:16.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/adminpack.html 2023-08-07 20:32:36.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -F.1. adminpack
F.1. adminpack
Prev UpAppendix F. Additional Supplied ModulesHome Next

F.1. adminpack

+F.1. adminpack

F.1. adminpack
Prev UpAppendix F. Additional Supplied ModulesHome Next

F.1. adminpack

adminpack provides a number of support functions which pgAdmin and other administration and management tools can use to provide additional functionality, such as remote management @@ -85,4 +85,4 @@ directory. The log_filename parameter must have its default setting (postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log) to use this function. -

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Appendix F. Additional Supplied Modules Home F.2. amcheck
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Prev Up Next
Appendix F. Additional Supplied Modules Home F.2. amcheck
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/amcheck.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/amcheck.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/amcheck.html 2023-05-08 21:34:16.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/amcheck.html 2023-08-07 20:32:36.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -F.2. amcheck
F.2. amcheck
Prev UpAppendix F. Additional Supplied ModulesHome Next

F.2. amcheck

F.2.1. Functions
F.2.2. Optional heapallindexed Verification
F.2.3. Using amcheck Effectively
F.2.4. Repairing Corruption

+F.2. amcheck

F.2. amcheck
Prev UpAppendix F. Additional Supplied ModulesHome Next

F.2. amcheck

F.2.1. Functions
F.2.2. Optional heapallindexed Verification
F.2.3. Using amcheck Effectively
F.2.4. Repairing Corruption

The amcheck module provides functions that allow you to verify the logical consistency of the structure of relations. If the structure appears to be valid, no error is raised. @@ -264,4 +264,4 @@ an invariant violation should be sought. pageinspect may play a useful role in diagnosing corruption that amcheck detects. A REINDEX may not be effective in repairing corruption. -

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F.1. adminpack Home F.3. auth_delay
\ No newline at end of file +

Prev Up Next
F.1. adminpack Home F.3. auth_delay
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-clusterdb.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-clusterdb.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-clusterdb.html 2023-05-08 21:34:07.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-clusterdb.html 2023-08-07 20:32:27.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -clusterdb
clusterdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

clusterdb

clusterdb — cluster a PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

clusterdb [connection-option...] [ --verbose | -v ] +clusterdb

clusterdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

clusterdb

clusterdb — cluster a PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

clusterdb [connection-option...] [ --verbose | -v ] [ --table | -t table @@ -119,4 +119,4 @@ xyzzy: 

 $ clusterdb --table=foo xyzzy
-

See Also

CLUSTER
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PostgreSQL Client Applications Home createdb
\ No newline at end of file +

See Also

CLUSTER
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PostgreSQL Client Applications Home createdb
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-createdb.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-createdb.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-createdb.html 2023-05-08 21:34:07.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-createdb.html 2023-08-07 20:32:27.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -createdb
createdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

createdb

createdb — create a new PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

createdb [connection-option...] [option...] [dbname +createdb

createdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

createdb

createdb — create a new PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

createdb [connection-option...] [option...] [dbname [description]]

Description

createdb creates a new PostgreSQL database. @@ -138,4 +138,4 @@ 

 $ createdb -p 5000 -h eden -T template0 -e demo
 CREATE DATABASE demo TEMPLATE template0;
-
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clusterdb Home createuser
\ No newline at end of file +
Prev Up Next
clusterdb Home createuser
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-createuser.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-createuser.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-createuser.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-createuser.html 2023-08-07 20:32:27.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -createuser
createuser
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

createuser

createuser — define a new PostgreSQL user account

Synopsis

createuser [connection-option...] [option...] [username]

Description

+createuser

createuser
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

createuser

createuser — define a new PostgreSQL user account

Synopsis

createuser [connection-option...] [option...] [username]

Description

createuser creates a new PostgreSQL user (or more precisely, a role). Only superusers and users with CREATEROLE privilege can create @@ -187,4 +187,4 @@ In the above example, the new password isn't actually echoed when typed, but we show what was typed for clarity. As you see, the password is encrypted before it is sent to the client. -

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createdb Home dropdb
\ No newline at end of file +

Prev Up Next
createdb Home dropdb
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropdb.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropdb.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropdb.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropdb.html 2023-08-07 20:32:27.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -dropdb
dropdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

dropdb

dropdb — remove a PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

dropdb [connection-option...] [option...] dbname

Description

+dropdb

dropdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

dropdb

dropdb — remove a PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

dropdb [connection-option...] [option...] dbname

Description

dropdb destroys an existing PostgreSQL database. The user who executes this command must be a database @@ -108,4 +108,4 @@ Database "demo" will be permanently deleted. Are you sure? (y/n) y DROP DATABASE demo; -

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createuser Home dropuser
\ No newline at end of file +
Prev Up Next
createuser Home dropuser
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropuser.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropuser.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropuser.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-dropuser.html 2023-08-07 20:32:27.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -dropuser
dropuser
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

dropuser

dropuser — remove a PostgreSQL user account

Synopsis

dropuser [connection-option...] [option...] [username]

Description

+dropuser

dropuser
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

dropuser

dropuser — remove a PostgreSQL user account

Synopsis

dropuser [connection-option...] [option...] [username]

Description

dropuser removes an existing PostgreSQL user. Only superusers and users with the CREATEROLE privilege can @@ -100,4 +100,4 @@ Role "joe" will be permanently removed. Are you sure? (y/n) y DROP ROLE joe; -

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dropdb Home ecpg
\ No newline at end of file +
Prev Up Next
dropdb Home ecpg
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-ecpg.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-ecpg.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-ecpg.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-ecpg.html 2023-08-07 20:32:27.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -ecpg
ecpg
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

ecpg

ecpg — embedded SQL C preprocessor

Synopsis

ecpg [option...] file...

Description

+ecpg

ecpg
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

ecpg

ecpg — embedded SQL C preprocessor

Synopsis

ecpg [option...] file...

Description

ecpg is the embedded SQL preprocessor for C programs. It converts C programs with embedded SQL statements to normal C code by replacing the SQL invocations with special @@ -103,4 +103,4 @@ ecpg prog1.pgc cc -I/usr/local/pgsql/include -c prog1.c cc -o prog1 prog1.o -L/usr/local/pgsql/lib -lecpg -

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dropuser Home pg_basebackup
\ No newline at end of file +
Prev Up Next
dropuser Home pg_basebackup
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-initdb.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-initdb.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-initdb.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-initdb.html 2023-08-07 20:32:29.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -initdb
initdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

initdb

initdb — create a new PostgreSQL database cluster

Synopsis

initdb [option...] [ --pgdata | -D ] directory

Description

+initdb

initdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

initdb

initdb — create a new PostgreSQL database cluster

Synopsis

initdb [option...] [ --pgdata | -D ] directory

Description

initdb creates a new PostgreSQL database cluster. A database cluster is a collection of databases that are managed by a single @@ -210,4 +210,4 @@

Notes

initdb can also be invoked via pg_ctl initdb. -

See Also

pg_ctl, postgres
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PostgreSQL Server Applications Home pg_archivecleanup
\ No newline at end of file +

See Also

pg_ctl, postgres
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PostgreSQL Server Applications Home pg_archivecleanup
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-ctl.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-ctl.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-ctl.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-ctl.html 2023-08-07 20:32:29.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_ctl
pg_ctl
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

pg_ctl

pg_ctl — initialize, start, stop, or control a PostgreSQL server

Synopsis

pg_ctl init[db] [-D datadir] [-s] [-o initdb-options]

pg_ctl start [-D datadir] [-l filename] [-W] [-t seconds] [-s] [-o options] [-p path] [-c]

pg_ctl stop [-D datadir] [-m +pg_ctl

pg_ctl
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

pg_ctl

pg_ctl — initialize, start, stop, or control a PostgreSQL server

Synopsis

pg_ctl init[db] [-D datadir] [-s] [-o initdb-options]

pg_ctl start [-D datadir] [-l filename] [-W] [-t seconds] [-s] [-o options] [-p path] [-c]

pg_ctl stop [-D datadir] [-m s[mart] | f[ast] | i[mmediate] ] [-W] [-t seconds] [-s]

pg_ctl restart [-D datadir] [-m s[mart] | f[ast] | i[mmediate] @@ -285,4 +285,4 @@ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres "-D" "/usr/local/pgsql/data" "-p" "5433" "-B" "128"

The second line is the command that would be invoked in restart mode. -

See Also

initdb, postgres
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pg_controldata Home pg_resetwal
\ No newline at end of file +

See Also

initdb, postgres
Prev Up Next
pg_controldata Home pg_resetwal
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-dumpall.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-dumpall.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-dumpall.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-dumpall.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_dumpall
pg_dumpall
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_dumpall

pg_dumpall — extract a PostgreSQL database cluster into a script file

Synopsis

pg_dumpall [connection-option...] [option...]

Description

+pg_dumpall

pg_dumpall
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_dumpall

pg_dumpall — extract a PostgreSQL database cluster into a script file

Synopsis

pg_dumpall [connection-option...] [option...]

Description

pg_dumpall is a utility for writing out (“dumping”) all PostgreSQL databases of a cluster into one script file. The script file contains @@ -347,4 +347,4 @@

See Also

Check pg_dump for details on possible error conditions. -

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pg_dump Home pg_isready
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Prev Up Next
pg_dump Home pg_isready
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-isready.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-isready.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-isready.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pg-isready.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_isready
pg_isready
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_isready

pg_isready — check the connection status of a PostgreSQL server

Synopsis

pg_isready [connection-option...] [option...]

Description

+pg_isready

pg_isready
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_isready

pg_isready — check the connection status of a PostgreSQL server

Synopsis

pg_isready [connection-option...] [option...]

Description

pg_isready is a utility for checking the connection status of a PostgreSQL database server. The exit status specifies the result of the connection check. @@ -76,4 +76,4 @@ $ echo $? 2

-

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pg_dumpall Home pg_receivewal
\ No newline at end of file +

Prev Up Next
pg_dumpall Home pg_receivewal
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgbasebackup.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgbasebackup.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgbasebackup.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgbasebackup.html 2023-08-07 20:32:27.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_basebackup
pg_basebackup
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_basebackup

pg_basebackup — take a base backup of a PostgreSQL cluster

Synopsis

pg_basebackup [option...]

Description

+pg_basebackup

pg_basebackup
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_basebackup

pg_basebackup — take a base backup of a PostgreSQL cluster

Synopsis

pg_basebackup [option...]

Description

pg_basebackup is used to take a base backup of a running PostgreSQL database cluster. The backup is taken without affecting other clients of the database, and can be used @@ -486,4 +486,4 @@ to ./backup/ts: 

 $ pg_basebackup -D backup/data -T /opt/ts=$(pwd)/backup/ts
-

See Also

pg_dump
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ecpg Home pgbench
\ No newline at end of file +

See Also

pg_dump
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ecpg Home pgbench
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgchecksums.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgchecksums.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgchecksums.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgchecksums.html 2023-08-07 20:32:29.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_checksums
pg_checksums
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

pg_checksums

pg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a PostgreSQL database cluster

Synopsis

pg_checksums [option...] [[ -D | --pgdata ]datadir]

Description

+pg_checksums

pg_checksums
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

pg_checksums

pg_checksums — enable, disable or check data checksums in a PostgreSQL database cluster

Synopsis

pg_checksums [option...] [[ -D | --pgdata ]datadir]

Description

pg_checksums checks, enables or disables data checksums in a PostgreSQL cluster. The server must be shut down cleanly before running @@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ enabling or disabling checksums, the cluster's data checksum configuration remains unchanged, and pg_checksums can be re-run to perform the same operation. -

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pg_archivecleanup Home pg_controldata
\ No newline at end of file +

Prev Up Next
pg_archivecleanup Home pg_controldata
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgconfig.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgconfig.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgconfig.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgconfig.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_config
pg_config
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_config

pg_config — retrieve information about the installed version of PostgreSQL

Synopsis

pg_config [option...]

Description

+pg_config

pg_config
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_config

pg_config — retrieve information about the installed version of PostgreSQL

Synopsis

pg_config [option...]

Description

The pg_config utility prints configuration parameters of the currently installed version of PostgreSQL. It is intended, for example, to be used by software packages that want to interface @@ -107,4 +107,4 @@ shell quotation marks so arguments with spaces are represented correctly. Therefore, using eval is required for proper results. -

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pgbench Home pg_dump
\ No newline at end of file +

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pgbench Home pg_dump
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgcontroldata.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgcontroldata.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgcontroldata.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgcontroldata.html 2023-08-07 20:32:29.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_controldata
pg_controldata
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

pg_controldata

pg_controldata — display control information of a PostgreSQL database cluster

Synopsis

pg_controldata [option] [[ -D | --pgdata ]datadir]

Description

+pg_controldata

pg_controldata
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

pg_controldata

pg_controldata — display control information of a PostgreSQL database cluster

Synopsis

pg_controldata [option] [[ -D | --pgdata ]datadir]

Description

pg_controldata prints information initialized during initdb, such as the catalog version. It also shows information about write-ahead logging and checkpoint @@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. -

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pg_checksums Home pg_ctl
\ No newline at end of file +

Prev Up Next
pg_checksums Home pg_ctl
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgdump.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgdump.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgdump.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgdump.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_dump
pg_dump
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pg_dump

pg_dump — +pg_dump

pg_dump
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_dump

pg_dump — extract a PostgreSQL database into a script file or other archive file

Synopsis

pg_dump [connection-option...] [option...] [dbname]

Description

pg_dump is a utility for backing up a @@ -795,4 +795,4 @@ 

 $ pg_dump -t "\"MixedCaseName\"" mydb > mytab.sql
-
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pg_config Home pg_dumpall
\ No newline at end of file +
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pg_config Home pg_dumpall
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivewal.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivewal.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivewal.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivewal.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_receivewal
pg_receivewal
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pg_receivewal

pg_receivewal — stream write-ahead logs from a PostgreSQL server

Synopsis

pg_receivewal [option...]

Description

+pg_receivewal

pg_receivewal
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_receivewal

pg_receivewal — stream write-ahead logs from a PostgreSQL server

Synopsis

pg_receivewal [option...]

Description

pg_receivewal is used to stream the write-ahead log from a running PostgreSQL cluster. The write-ahead log is streamed using the streaming replication protocol, and is written @@ -219,4 +219,4 @@ /usr/local/pgsql/archive: 

 $ pg_receivewal -h mydbserver -D /usr/local/pgsql/archive
-
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pg_isready Home pg_recvlogical
\ No newline at end of file +
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pg_isready Home pg_recvlogical
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivexlog.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivexlog.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivexlog.html 2023-05-08 21:34:18.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgreceivexlog.html 2023-08-07 20:32:38.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ -O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal
O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal
Prev UpAppendix O. Obsolete or Renamed FeaturesHome Next

O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal

+O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal

O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal
Prev UpAppendix O. Obsolete or Renamed FeaturesHome Next

O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal

PostgreSQL 9.6 and below provided a command named pg_receivexlog to fetch write-ahead-log (WAL) files. This command was renamed to pg_receivewal, see pg_receivewal for documentation of pg_receivewal and see - the release notes for PostgreSQL 10 for details + the release notes for PostgreSQL 10 for details on this change. -

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O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal Home Bibliography
\ No newline at end of file +

Prev Up Next
O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal Home Bibliography
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrecvlogical.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrecvlogical.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrecvlogical.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrecvlogical.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_recvlogical
pg_recvlogical
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pg_recvlogical

pg_recvlogical — control PostgreSQL logical decoding streams

Synopsis

pg_recvlogical [option...]

Description

+pg_recvlogical

pg_recvlogical
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_recvlogical

pg_recvlogical — control PostgreSQL logical decoding streams

Synopsis

pg_recvlogical [option...]

Description

pg_recvlogical controls logical decoding replication slots and streams data from such replication slots.

@@ -168,4 +168,4 @@ cluster.

Examples

See Section 48.1 for an example. -

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pg_receivewal Home pg_restore
\ No newline at end of file +

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pg_receivewal Home pg_restore
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetwal.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetwal.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetwal.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetwal.html 2023-08-07 20:32:29.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_resetwal
pg_resetwal
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pg_resetwal

pg_resetwal — reset the write-ahead log and other control information of a PostgreSQL database cluster

Synopsis

pg_resetwal [ -f | --force ] [ -n | --dry-run ] [option...] [ -D | --pgdata ]datadir

Description

+pg_resetwal

pg_resetwal
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pg_resetwal

pg_resetwal — reset the write-ahead log and other control information of a PostgreSQL database cluster

Synopsis

pg_resetwal [ -f | --force ] [ -n | --dry-run ] [option...] [ -D | --pgdata ]datadir

Description

pg_resetwal clears the write-ahead log (WAL) and optionally resets some other control information stored in the pg_control file. This function is sometimes needed @@ -166,4 +166,4 @@

pg_resetwal works only with servers of the same major version. -

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pg_ctl Home pg_rewind
\ No newline at end of file +

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pg_ctl Home pg_rewind
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetxlog.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetxlog.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetxlog.html 2023-05-08 21:34:18.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgresetxlog.html 2023-08-07 20:32:38.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ -O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal
O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal
Prev UpAppendix O. Obsolete or Renamed FeaturesHome Next

O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal

+O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal

O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal
Prev UpAppendix O. Obsolete or Renamed FeaturesHome Next

O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal

PostgreSQL 9.6 and below provided a command named pg_resetxlog to reset the write-ahead-log (WAL) files. This command was renamed to pg_resetwal, see pg_resetwal for documentation of pg_resetwal and see - the release notes for PostgreSQL 10 for details + the release notes for PostgreSQL 10 for details on this change. -

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O.2. pg_xlogdump renamed to pg_waldump Home O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal
\ No newline at end of file +

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O.2. pg_xlogdump renamed to pg_waldump Home O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrestore.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrestore.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrestore.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrestore.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_restore
pg_restore
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pg_restore

pg_restore — +pg_restore

pg_restore
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_restore

pg_restore — restore a PostgreSQL database from an archive file created by pg_dump

Synopsis

pg_restore [connection-option...] [option...] [filename]

Description

@@ -488,4 +488,4 @@ items 10 and 6, in that order: 

 $ pg_restore -L db.list db.dump
-
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pg_recvlogical Home pg_verifybackup
\ No newline at end of file +
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pg_recvlogical Home pg_verifybackup
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrewind.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrewind.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrewind.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgrewind.html 2023-08-07 20:32:29.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_rewind
pg_rewind
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pg_rewind

pg_rewind — synchronize a PostgreSQL data directory with another data directory that was forked from it

Synopsis

pg_rewind [option...] { -D | --target-pgdata } directory { --source-pgdata=directory | --source-server=connstr }

Description

+pg_rewind

pg_rewind
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

pg_rewind

pg_rewind — synchronize a PostgreSQL data directory with another data directory that was forked from it

Synopsis

pg_rewind [option...] { -D | --target-pgdata } directory { --source-pgdata=directory | --source-server=connstr }

Description

pg_rewind is a tool for synchronizing a PostgreSQL cluster with another copy of the same cluster, after the clusters' timelines have diverged. A typical scenario is to bring an old master server back online @@ -205,4 +205,4 @@ When starting the target, PostgreSQL replays all the required WAL, resulting in a data directory in a consistent state. -

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pg_resetwal Home pg_test_fsync
\ No newline at end of file +

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pg_resetwal Home pg_test_fsync
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgverifybackup.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgverifybackup.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgverifybackup.html 2023-05-08 21:34:08.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-pgverifybackup.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -pg_verifybackup
pg_verifybackup
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

pg_verifybackup

pg_verifybackup — verify the integrity of a base backup of a +pg_verifybackup

pg_verifybackup
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pg_verifybackup

pg_verifybackup — verify the integrity of a base backup of a PostgreSQL cluster

Synopsis

pg_verifybackup [option...]

Description

pg_verifybackup is used to check the integrity of a database cluster backup taken using @@ -141,4 +141,4 @@ $ pg_basebackup -h mydbserver -D /usr/local/pgsql/data $ edit /usr/local/pgsql/data/note.to.self $ pg_verifybackup --ignore=note.to.self --skip-checksums /usr/local/pgsql/data -

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pg_restore Home psql
\ No newline at end of file +
Prev Up Next
pg_restore Home psql
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-postgres.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-postgres.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-postgres.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-postgres.html 2023-08-07 20:32:29.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -postgres
postgres
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postgres

postgres — PostgreSQL database server

Synopsis

postgres [option...]

Description

+postgres

postgres
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

postgres

postgres — PostgreSQL database server

Synopsis

postgres [option...]

Description

postgres is the PostgreSQL database server. In order for a client application to access a database it connects (over a @@ -437,4 +437,4 @@

See Also

initdb, pg_ctl -

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pg_waldump Home postmaster
\ No newline at end of file +

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pg_waldump Home postmaster
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-postmaster.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-postmaster.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-postmaster.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-postmaster.html 2023-08-07 20:32:29.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -postmaster
postmaster
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postmaster

postmaster — PostgreSQL database server

Synopsis

postmaster [option...]

Description

+postmaster

postmaster
Prev UpPostgreSQL Server ApplicationsHome Next

postmaster

postmaster — PostgreSQL database server

Synopsis

postmaster [option...]

Description

postmaster is a deprecated alias of postgres.

See Also

postgres -

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postgres Home Part VII. Internals
\ No newline at end of file +

Prev Up Next
postgres Home Part VII. Internals
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-psql.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-psql.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-psql.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-psql.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -psql
psql
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psql

psql — +psql

psql
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

psql

psql — PostgreSQL interactive terminal

Synopsis

psql [option...] [dbname [username]]

Description

@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ the string =>. For example: 

 $ psql testdb
-psql (13.11)
+psql (13.12)
 Type "help" for help.
 
 testdb=>
@@ -2815,4 +2815,4 @@
  2 | 202 | 204 | 206 | 208
  1 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104
 (4 rows)
-
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pg_verifybackup Home reindexdb
\ No newline at end of file +
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pg_verifybackup Home reindexdb
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-reindexdb.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-reindexdb.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-reindexdb.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-reindexdb.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -reindexdb
reindexdb
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reindexdb

reindexdb — reindex a PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

reindexdb [connection-option...] [option...] +reindexdb

reindexdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

reindexdb

reindexdb — reindex a PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

reindexdb [connection-option...] [option...] [ -S | --schema schema @@ -158,4 +158,4 @@ bar in a database named abcd: 

 $ reindexdb --table=foo --index=bar abcd
-

See Also

REINDEX
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psql Home vacuumdb
\ No newline at end of file +

See Also

REINDEX
Prev Up Next
psql Home vacuumdb
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-vacuumdb.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-vacuumdb.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/app-vacuumdb.html 2023-05-08 21:34:09.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/app-vacuumdb.html 2023-08-07 20:32:28.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -vacuumdb
vacuumdb
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vacuumdb

vacuumdb — garbage-collect and analyze a PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

vacuumdb [connection-option...] [option...] +vacuumdb

vacuumdb
Prev UpPostgreSQL Client ApplicationsHome Next

vacuumdb

vacuumdb — garbage-collect and analyze a PostgreSQL database

Synopsis

vacuumdb [connection-option...] [option...] [ -t | --table table @@ -217,4 +217,4 @@ bar of the table for the optimizer: 

 $ vacuumdb --analyze --verbose --table='foo(bar)' xyzzy
-

See Also

VACUUM
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reindexdb Home PostgreSQL Server Applications
\ No newline at end of file +

See Also

VACUUM
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reindexdb Home PostgreSQL Server Applications
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/appendix-obsolete.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/appendix-obsolete.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/appendix-obsolete.html 2023-05-08 21:34:18.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/appendix-obsolete.html 2023-08-07 20:32:38.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -Appendix O. Obsolete or Renamed Features
Appendix O. Obsolete or Renamed Features
Prev UpPart VIII. AppendixesHome Next

Appendix O. Obsolete or Renamed Features

Table of Contents

O.1. recovery.conf file merged into postgresql.conf
O.2. pg_xlogdump renamed to pg_waldump
O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal
O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal

+Appendix O. Obsolete or Renamed Features

Appendix O. Obsolete or Renamed Features
Prev UpPart VIII. AppendixesHome Next

Appendix O. Obsolete or Renamed Features

Table of Contents

O.1. recovery.conf file merged into postgresql.conf
O.2. pg_xlogdump renamed to pg_waldump
O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal
O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal

Functionality is sometimes removed from PostgreSQL, feature, setting and file names sometimes change, or documentation moves to different places. This section directs users coming from old versions of the documentation or from external links to the appropriate new location for the information they need. -

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N.2. Configuring the Colors Home O.1. recovery.conf file merged into postgresql.conf
\ No newline at end of file +

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N.2. Configuring the Colors Home O.1. recovery.conf file merged into postgresql.conf
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/appendixes.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/appendixes.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/appendixes.html 2023-05-08 21:34:18.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/appendixes.html 2023-08-07 20:32:38.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,2 +1,2 @@ -Part VIII. Appendixes
Part VIII. Appendixes
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Part VIII. Appendixes

Table of Contents

A. PostgreSQL Error Codes
B. Date/Time Support
B.1. Date/Time Input Interpretation
B.2. Handling of Invalid or Ambiguous Timestamps
B.3. Date/Time Key Words
B.4. Date/Time Configuration Files
B.5. POSIX Time Zone Specifications
B.6. History of Units
B.7. Julian Dates
C. SQL Key Words
D. SQL Conformance
D.1. Supported Features
D.2. Unsupported Features
D.3. XML Limits and Conformance to SQL/XML
E. Release Notes
E.1. Release 13.11
E.2. Release 13.10
E.3. Release 13.9
E.4. Release 13.8
E.5. Release 13.7
E.6. Release 13.6
E.7. Release 13.5
E.8. Release 13.4
E.9. Release 13.3
E.10. Release 13.2
E.11. Release 13.1
E.12. Release 13
E.13. Prior Releases
F. Additional Supplied Modules
F.1. adminpack
F.2. amcheck
F.3. auth_delay
F.4. auto_explain
F.5. bloom
F.6. btree_gin
F.7. btree_gist
F.8. citext
F.9. cube
F.10. dblink
F.11. dict_int
F.12. dict_xsyn
F.13. earthdistance
F.14. file_fdw
F.15. fuzzystrmatch
F.16. hstore
F.17. intagg
F.18. intarray
F.19. isn
F.20. lo
F.21. ltree
F.22. pageinspect
F.23. passwordcheck
F.24. pg_buffercache
F.25. pgcrypto
F.26. pg_freespacemap
F.27. pg_prewarm
F.28. pgrowlocks
F.29. pg_stat_statements
F.30. pgstattuple
F.31. pg_trgm
F.32. pg_visibility
F.33. postgres_fdw
F.34. seg
F.35. sepgsql
F.36. spi
F.37. sslinfo
F.38. tablefunc
F.39. tcn
F.40. test_decoding
F.41. tsm_system_rows
F.42. tsm_system_time
F.43. unaccent
F.44. uuid-ossp
F.45. xml2
G. Additional Supplied Programs
G.1. Client Applications
G.2. Server Applications
H. External Projects
H.1. Client Interfaces
H.2. Administration Tools
H.3. Procedural Languages
H.4. Extensions
I. The Source Code Repository
I.1. Getting the Source via Git
J. Documentation
J.1. DocBook
J.2. Tool Sets
J.3. Building the Documentation
J.4. Documentation Authoring
J.5. Style Guide
K. PostgreSQL Limits
L. Acronyms
M. Glossary
N. Color Support
N.1. When Color is Used
N.2. Configuring the Colors
O. Obsolete or Renamed Features
O.1. recovery.conf file merged into postgresql.conf
O.2. pg_xlogdump renamed to pg_waldump
O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal
O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal
Prev Up Next
72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object Home Appendix A. PostgreSQL Error Codes
\ No newline at end of file +Part VIII. Appendixes
Part VIII. Appendixes
Prev UpPostgreSQL 13.12 DocumentationHome Next

Part VIII. Appendixes

Table of Contents

A. PostgreSQL Error Codes
B. Date/Time Support
B.1. Date/Time Input Interpretation
B.2. Handling of Invalid or Ambiguous Timestamps
B.3. Date/Time Key Words
B.4. Date/Time Configuration Files
B.5. POSIX Time Zone Specifications
B.6. History of Units
B.7. Julian Dates
C. SQL Key Words
D. SQL Conformance
D.1. Supported Features
D.2. Unsupported Features
D.3. XML Limits and Conformance to SQL/XML
E. Release Notes
E.1. Release 13.12
E.2. Release 13.11
E.3. Release 13.10
E.4. Release 13.9
E.5. Release 13.8
E.6. Release 13.7
E.7. Release 13.6
E.8. Release 13.5
E.9. Release 13.4
E.10. Release 13.3
E.11. Release 13.2
E.12. Release 13.1
E.13. Release 13
E.14. Prior Releases
F. Additional Supplied Modules
F.1. adminpack
F.2. amcheck
F.3. auth_delay
F.4. auto_explain
F.5. bloom
F.6. btree_gin
F.7. btree_gist
F.8. citext
F.9. cube
F.10. dblink
F.11. dict_int
F.12. dict_xsyn
F.13. earthdistance
F.14. file_fdw
F.15. fuzzystrmatch
F.16. hstore
F.17. intagg
F.18. intarray
F.19. isn
F.20. lo
F.21. ltree
F.22. pageinspect
F.23. passwordcheck
F.24. pg_buffercache
F.25. pgcrypto
F.26. pg_freespacemap
F.27. pg_prewarm
F.28. pgrowlocks
F.29. pg_stat_statements
F.30. pgstattuple
F.31. pg_trgm
F.32. pg_visibility
F.33. postgres_fdw
F.34. seg
F.35. sepgsql
F.36. spi
F.37. sslinfo
F.38. tablefunc
F.39. tcn
F.40. test_decoding
F.41. tsm_system_rows
F.42. tsm_system_time
F.43. unaccent
F.44. uuid-ossp
F.45. xml2
G. Additional Supplied Programs
G.1. Client Applications
G.2. Server Applications
H. External Projects
H.1. Client Interfaces
H.2. Administration Tools
H.3. Procedural Languages
H.4. Extensions
I. The Source Code Repository
I.1. Getting the Source via Git
J. Documentation
J.1. DocBook
J.2. Tool Sets
J.3. Building the Documentation
J.4. Documentation Authoring
J.5. Style Guide
K. PostgreSQL Limits
L. Acronyms
M. Glossary
N. Color Support
N.1. When Color is Used
N.2. Configuring the Colors
O. Obsolete or Renamed Features
O.1. recovery.conf file merged into postgresql.conf
O.2. pg_xlogdump renamed to pg_waldump
O.3. pg_resetxlog renamed to pg_resetwal
O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal
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72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object Home Appendix A. PostgreSQL Error Codes
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/applevel-consistency.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/applevel-consistency.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/applevel-consistency.html 2023-05-08 21:33:52.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/applevel-consistency.html 2023-08-07 20:32:12.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -13.4. Data Consistency Checks at the Application Level
13.4. Data Consistency Checks at the Application Level
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13.4. Data Consistency Checks at the Application Level

13.4.1. Enforcing Consistency with Serializable Transactions
13.4.2. Enforcing Consistency with Explicit Blocking Locks

+13.4. Data Consistency Checks at the Application Level

13.4. Data Consistency Checks at the Application Level
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13.4. Data Consistency Checks at the Application Level

13.4.1. Enforcing Consistency with Serializable Transactions
13.4.2. Enforcing Consistency with Explicit Blocking Locks

It is very difficult to enforce business rules regarding data integrity using Read Committed transactions because the view of the data is shifting with each statement, and even a single statement may not @@ -111,4 +111,4 @@ UPDATE, or DELETE), so it is possible to obtain locks explicitly before the snapshot is frozen. -

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13.3. Explicit Locking Home 13.5. Caveats
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13.3. Explicit Locking Home 13.5. Caveats
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8.15. Arrays
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8.15. Arrays

8.15.1. Declaration of Array Types
8.15.2. Array Value Input
8.15.3. Accessing Arrays
8.15.4. Modifying Arrays
8.15.5. Searching in Arrays
8.15.6. Array Input and Output Syntax

+8.15. Arrays

8.15. Arrays
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8.15. Arrays

8.15.1. Declaration of Array Types
8.15.2. Array Value Input
8.15.3. Accessing Arrays
8.15.4. Modifying Arrays
8.15.5. Searching in Arrays
8.15.6. Array Input and Output Syntax

PostgreSQL allows columns of a table to be defined as variable-length multidimensional arrays. Arrays of any built-in or user-defined base type, enum type, composite type, range type, @@ -644,4 +644,4 @@ with than the array-literal syntax when writing array values in SQL commands. In ARRAY, individual element values are written the same way they would be written when not members of an array. -

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8.14. JSON Types Home 8.16. Composite Types
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8.14. JSON Types Home 8.16. Composite Types
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-bsd.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-bsd.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-bsd.html 2023-05-08 21:33:54.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-bsd.html 2023-08-07 20:32:13.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -20.14. BSD Authentication
20.14. BSD Authentication
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20.14. BSD Authentication

+20.14. BSD Authentication

20.14. BSD Authentication
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20.14. BSD Authentication

This authentication method operates similarly to password except that it uses BSD Authentication to verify the password. BSD Authentication is used only @@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ operating system user running the server) must first be added to the auth group. The auth group exists by default on OpenBSD systems. -

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20.13. PAM Authentication Home 20.15. Authentication Problems
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20.13. PAM Authentication Home 20.15. Authentication Problems
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20.12. Certificate Authentication
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20.12. Certificate Authentication

+20.12. Certificate Authentication

20.12. Certificate Authentication
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20.12. Certificate Authentication

This authentication method uses SSL client certificates to perform authentication. It is therefore only available for SSL connections. When using this authentication method, the server will require that @@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ cert authentication because cert authentication is effectively trust authentication with clientcert=verify-full. -

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20.11. RADIUS Authentication Home 20.13. PAM Authentication
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20.11. RADIUS Authentication Home 20.13. PAM Authentication
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F.3. auth_delay
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F.3. auth_delay

F.3.1. Configuration Parameters
F.3.2. Author

+F.3. auth_delay

F.3. auth_delay
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F.3. auth_delay

F.3.1. Configuration Parameters
F.3.2. Author

auth_delay causes the server to pause briefly before reporting authentication failure, to make brute-force attacks on database passwords more difficult. Note that it does nothing to prevent @@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ auth_delay.milliseconds = '500'

F.3.2. Author

KaiGai Kohei -

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F.2. amcheck Home F.4. auto_explain
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F.2. amcheck Home F.4. auto_explain
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20.8. Ident Authentication
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20.8. Ident Authentication

+20.8. Ident Authentication

20.8. Ident Authentication
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20.8. Ident Authentication

The ident authentication method works by obtaining the client's operating system user name from an ident server and using it as the allowed database user name (with an optional user name mapping). @@ -48,4 +48,4 @@ used when using the ident server with PostgreSQL, since PostgreSQL does not have any way to decrypt the returned string to determine the actual user name. -

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20.7. SSPI Authentication Home 20.9. Peer Authentication
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20.7. SSPI Authentication Home 20.9. Peer Authentication
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20.10. LDAP Authentication
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20.10. LDAP Authentication

+20.10. LDAP Authentication

20.10. LDAP Authentication
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20.10. LDAP Authentication

This authentication method operates similarly to password except that it uses LDAP as the password verification method. LDAP is used only to validate @@ -185,4 +185,4 @@ Since LDAP often uses commas and spaces to separate the different parts of a DN, it is often necessary to use double-quoted parameter values when configuring LDAP options, as shown in the examples. -

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20.9. Peer Authentication Home 20.11. RADIUS Authentication
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20.9. Peer Authentication Home 20.11. RADIUS Authentication
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20.3. Authentication Methods
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20.3. Authentication Methods

+20.3. Authentication Methods

20.3. Authentication Methods
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20.3. Authentication Methods

PostgreSQL provides various methods for authenticating users: @@ -55,4 +55,4 @@

The following sections describe each of these authentication methods in more detail. -

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20.2. User Name Maps Home 20.4. Trust Authentication
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20.2. User Name Maps Home 20.4. Trust Authentication
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20.13. PAM Authentication
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20.13. PAM Authentication

+20.13. PAM Authentication

20.13. PAM Authentication
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20.13. PAM Authentication

This authentication method operates similarly to password except that it uses PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) as the authentication mechanism. The @@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ will fail because the PostgreSQL server is started by a non-root user. However, this is not an issue when PAM is configured to use LDAP or other authentication methods. -

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20.12. Certificate Authentication Home 20.14. BSD Authentication
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20.12. Certificate Authentication Home 20.14. BSD Authentication
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-password.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-password.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-password.html 2023-05-08 21:33:54.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-password.html 2023-08-07 20:32:13.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -20.5. Password Authentication
20.5. Password Authentication
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20.5. Password Authentication

+20.5. Password Authentication

20.5. Password Authentication
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20.5. Password Authentication

There are several password-based authentication methods. These methods operate similarly but differ in how the users' passwords are stored on the server and how the password provided by a client is sent across the @@ -77,4 +77,4 @@ in postgresql.conf, make all users set new passwords, and change the authentication method specifications in pg_hba.conf to scram-sha-256. -

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20.4. Trust Authentication Home 20.6. GSSAPI Authentication
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20.4. Trust Authentication Home 20.6. GSSAPI Authentication
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-peer.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-peer.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-peer.html 2023-05-08 21:33:54.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-peer.html 2023-08-07 20:32:13.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -20.9. Peer Authentication
20.9. Peer Authentication
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20.9. Peer Authentication

+20.9. Peer Authentication

20.9. Peer Authentication
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20.9. Peer Authentication

The peer authentication method works by obtaining the client's operating system user name from the kernel and using it as the allowed database user name (with optional user name mapping). This @@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ most flavors of BSD including macOS, and Solaris. -

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20.8. Ident Authentication Home 20.10. LDAP Authentication
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20.8. Ident Authentication Home 20.10. LDAP Authentication
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-pg-hba-conf.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-pg-hba-conf.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-pg-hba-conf.html 2023-05-08 21:33:54.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-pg-hba-conf.html 2023-08-07 20:32:13.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -20.1. The pg_hba.conf File
20.1. The pg_hba.conf File
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20.1. The pg_hba.conf File

+20.1. The pg_hba.conf File

20.1. The pg_hba.conf File
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20.1. The pg_hba.conf File

Client authentication is controlled by a configuration file, which traditionally is named pg_hba.conf and is stored in the database @@ -464,4 +464,4 @@ # The database column can also use lists and file names: local db1,db2,@demodbs all md5 -


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Chapter 20. Client Authentication Home 20.2. User Name Maps
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Chapter 20. Client Authentication Home 20.2. User Name Maps
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-radius.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-radius.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-radius.html 2023-05-08 21:33:54.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-radius.html 2023-08-07 20:32:13.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -20.11. RADIUS Authentication
20.11. RADIUS Authentication
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20.11. RADIUS Authentication

+20.11. RADIUS Authentication

20.11. RADIUS Authentication
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20.11. RADIUS Authentication

This authentication method operates similarly to password except that it uses RADIUS as the password verification method. RADIUS is used only to validate @@ -62,4 +62,4 @@ 

 host ... radius radiusservers="server1,server2" radiussecrets="""secret one"",""secret two"""

-

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20.10. LDAP Authentication Home 20.12. Certificate Authentication
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20.10. LDAP Authentication Home 20.12. Certificate Authentication
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-trust.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-trust.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-trust.html 2023-05-08 21:33:54.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-trust.html 2023-08-07 20:32:13.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -20.4. Trust Authentication
20.4. Trust Authentication
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20.4. Trust Authentication

+20.4. Trust Authentication

20.4. Trust Authentication
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20.4. Trust Authentication

When trust authentication is specified, PostgreSQL assumes that anyone who can connect to the server is authorized to access the database with @@ -34,4 +34,4 @@ to the server by the pg_hba.conf lines that specify trust. It is seldom reasonable to use trust for any TCP/IP connections other than those from localhost (127.0.0.1). -

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20.3. Authentication Methods Home 20.5. Password Authentication
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20.3. Authentication Methods Home 20.5. Password Authentication
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-username-maps.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-username-maps.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-username-maps.html 2023-05-08 21:33:54.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auth-username-maps.html 2023-08-07 20:32:13.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -20.2. User Name Maps
20.2. User Name Maps
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20.2. User Name Maps

+20.2. User Name Maps

20.2. User Name Maps
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20.2. User Name Maps

When using an external authentication system such as Ident or GSSAPI, the name of the operating system user that initiated the connection might not be the same as the database user (role) that is to be used. @@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ omicron robert bob # bryanh can also connect as guest1 omicron bryanh guest1 -


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20.1. The pg_hba.conf File Home 20.3. Authentication Methods
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\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auto-explain.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auto-explain.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/auto-explain.html 2023-05-08 21:34:16.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/auto-explain.html 2023-08-07 20:32:36.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -F.4. auto_explain
F.4. auto_explain
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F.4. auto_explain

F.4.1. Configuration Parameters
F.4.2. Example
F.4.3. Author

+F.4. auto_explain

F.4. auto_explain
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F.4. auto_explain

F.4.1. Configuration Parameters
F.4.2. Example
F.4.3. Author

The auto_explain module provides a means for logging execution plans of slow statements automatically, without having to run EXPLAIN @@ -186,4 +186,4 @@ Filter: indisunique

F.4.3. Author

Takahiro Itagaki -

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F.3. auth_delay Home F.5. bloom
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F.3. auth_delay Home F.5. bloom
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-dump.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-dump.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-dump.html 2023-05-08 21:33:55.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-dump.html 2023-08-07 20:32:14.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -25.1. SQL Dump
25.1. SQL Dump
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25.1. SQL Dump

25.1.1. Restoring the Dump
25.1.2. Using pg_dumpall
25.1.3. Handling Large Databases

+25.1. SQL Dump

25.1. SQL Dump
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25.1. SQL Dump

25.1.1. Restoring the Dump
25.1.2. Using pg_dumpall
25.1.3. Handling Large Databases

The idea behind this dump method is to generate a file with SQL commands that, when fed back to the server, will recreate the database in the same state as it was at the time of the dump. @@ -244,4 +244,4 @@ You can use pg_restore -j to restore a dump in parallel. This will work for any archive of either the "custom" or the "directory" archive mode, whether or not it has been created with pg_dump -j. -

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Chapter 25. Backup and Restore Home 25.2. File System Level Backup
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Chapter 25. Backup and Restore Home 25.2. File System Level Backup
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-file.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-file.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-file.html 2023-05-08 21:33:55.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-file.html 2023-08-07 20:32:14.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -25.2. File System Level Backup
25.2. File System Level Backup
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25.2. File System Level Backup

+25.2. File System Level Backup

25.2. File System Level Backup
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25.2. File System Level Backup

An alternative backup strategy is to directly copy the files that PostgreSQL uses to store the data in the database; Section 18.2 explains where these files @@ -88,4 +88,4 @@ than an SQL dump. (pg_dump does not need to dump the contents of indexes for example, just the commands to recreate them.) However, taking a file system backup might be faster. -

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25.1. SQL Dump Home 25.3. Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
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25.1. SQL Dump Home 25.3. Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-manifest-files.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-manifest-files.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-manifest-files.html 2023-05-08 21:34:13.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-manifest-files.html 2023-08-07 20:32:33.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -72.2. Backup Manifest File Object
72.2. Backup Manifest File Object
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72.2. Backup Manifest File Object

+72.2. Backup Manifest File Object

72.2. Backup Manifest File Object
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72.2. Backup Manifest File Object

The object which describes a single file contains either a Path key or an Encoded-Path key. Normally, the Path key will be present. The @@ -36,4 +36,4 @@

Checksum

The checksum computed for this file, stored as a series of hexadecimal characters, two for each byte of the checksum. -

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72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object Home 72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object
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Chapter 72. Backup Manifest Format
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Chapter 72. Backup Manifest Format

Table of Contents

72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object
72.2. Backup Manifest File Object
72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object

+Chapter 72. Backup Manifest Format

Chapter 72. Backup Manifest Format
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Chapter 72. Backup Manifest Format

Table of Contents

72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object
72.2. Backup Manifest File Object
72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object

The backup manifest generated by pg_basebackup is primarily intended to permit the backup to be verified using pg_verifybackup. However, it is @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ supported server encoding. There is no similar exception for backup manifests.) The JSON document is always an object; the keys that are present in this object are described in the next section. -

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71.3. Planner Statistics and Security Home 72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object
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71.3. Planner Statistics and Security Home 72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object
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72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object
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72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object

+72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object

72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object
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72.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object

The backup manifest JSON document contains the following keys.

PostgreSQL-Backup-Manifest-Version

The associated value is always the integer 1. @@ -22,4 +22,4 @@ is significantly more expensive than a CRC32C checksum, the manifest should normally be small enough that the extra computation won't matter very much. -

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Chapter 72. Backup Manifest Format Home 72.2. Backup Manifest File Object
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Chapter 72. Backup Manifest Format Home 72.2. Backup Manifest File Object
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-manifest-wal-ranges.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-manifest-wal-ranges.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-manifest-wal-ranges.html 2023-05-08 21:34:13.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/backup-manifest-wal-ranges.html 2023-08-07 20:32:33.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object
72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object
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72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object

+72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object

72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object
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72.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object

The object which describes a WAL range always has three keys:

Timeline

The timeline for this range of WAL records, as an integer. @@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ upstream promotion, it is possible for multiple ranges to be present, each with a different timeline. There will never be multiple WAL ranges present for the same timeline. -

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72.2. Backup Manifest File Object Home Part VIII. Appendixes
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72.2. Backup Manifest File Object Home Part VIII. Appendixes
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Chapter 25. Backup and Restore
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Chapter 25. Backup and Restore

Table of Contents

25.1. SQL Dump
25.1.1. Restoring the Dump
25.1.2. Using pg_dumpall
25.1.3. Handling Large Databases
25.2. File System Level Backup
25.3. Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
25.3.1. Setting Up WAL Archiving
25.3.2. Making a Base Backup
25.3.3. Making a Base Backup Using the Low Level API
25.3.4. Recovering Using a Continuous Archive Backup
25.3.5. Timelines
25.3.6. Tips and Examples
25.3.7. Caveats

+Chapter 25. Backup and Restore

Chapter 25. Backup and Restore
Prev UpPart III. Server AdministrationHome Next

Chapter 25. Backup and Restore

Table of Contents

25.1. SQL Dump
25.1.1. Restoring the Dump
25.1.2. Using pg_dumpall
25.1.3. Handling Large Databases
25.2. File System Level Backup
25.3. Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
25.3.1. Setting Up WAL Archiving
25.3.2. Making a Base Backup
25.3.3. Making a Base Backup Using the Low Level API
25.3.4. Recovering Using a Continuous Archive Backup
25.3.5. Timelines
25.3.6. Tips and Examples
25.3.7. Caveats

As with everything that contains valuable data, PostgreSQL databases should be backed up regularly. While the procedure is essentially simple, it is important to have a clear understanding of @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@

  • SQL dump

  • File system level backup

  • Continuous archiving

Each has its own strengths and weaknesses; each is discussed in turn in the following sections. -

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24.3. Log File Maintenance Home 25.1. SQL Dump
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24.3. Log File Maintenance Home 25.1. SQL Dump
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/bgworker.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/bgworker.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/bgworker.html 2023-05-08 21:34:00.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/bgworker.html 2023-08-07 20:32:20.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -Chapter 47. Background Worker Processes
Chapter 47. Background Worker Processes
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Chapter 47. Background Worker Processes

+Chapter 47. Background Worker Processes

Chapter 47. Background Worker Processes
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Chapter 47. Background Worker Processes

PostgreSQL can be extended to run user-supplied code in separate processes. Such processes are started, stopped and monitored by postgres, which permits them to have a lifetime closely linked to the server's status. @@ -232,4 +232,4 @@

The maximum number of registered background workers is limited by max_worker_processes. -

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SPI_start_transaction Home Chapter 48. Logical Decoding
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SPI_start_transaction Home Chapter 48. Logical Decoding
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Bibliography
Prev UpPostgreSQL 13.11 DocumentationHome Next

Bibliography

+Bibliography

Bibliography
Prev UpPostgreSQL 13.12 DocumentationHome Next

Bibliography

Selected references and readings for SQL and PostgreSQL.

@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ system”. M. Stonebraker, M. Hearst, and S. Potamianos. SIGMOD Record 18(3). Sept. 1989.

[ston89b] “The case for partial indexes”. M. Stonebraker. SIGMOD Record 18(4). Dec. 1989. 4–11.

[ston90a] “The implementation of POSTGRES”. M. Stonebraker, L. A. Rowe, and M. Hirohama. Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 2(1). IEEE. March 1990.

[ston90b] “On - Rules, Procedures, Caching and Views in Database Systems”. M. Stonebraker, A. Jhingran, J. Goh, and S. Potamianos. ACM-SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data, June 1990.

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O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal Home Index
\ No newline at end of file + Rules, Procedures, Caching and Views in Database Systems”. M. Stonebraker, A. Jhingran, J. Goh, and S. Potamianos. ACM-SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data, June 1990.

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O.4. pg_receivexlog renamed to pg_receivewal Home Index
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70.4. BKI Commands
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70.4. BKI Commands

+70.4. BKI Commands
70.4. BKI Commands
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70.4. BKI Commands

create tablename tableoid @@ -106,4 +106,4 @@ is postponed.

build indices

Fill in the indices that have previously been declared. -

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\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/bki-example.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/bki-example.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/bki-example.html 2023-05-08 21:34:13.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/bki-example.html 2023-08-07 20:32:33.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -70.6. BKI Example
70.6. BKI Example
Prev UpChapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial ContentsHome Next

70.6. BKI Example

+70.6. BKI Example

70.6. BKI Example
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70.6. BKI Example

The following sequence of commands will create the table test_table with OID 420, having three columns oid, cola and colb @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ insert ( 422 2 _null_ ) close test_table

-

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70.5. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File Home Chapter 71. How the Planner Uses Statistics
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/bki-format.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/bki-format.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/bki-format.html 2023-05-08 21:34:13.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/bki-format.html 2023-08-07 20:32:33.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -70.3. BKI File Format
70.3. BKI File Format
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70.3. BKI File Format

+70.3. BKI File Format

70.3. BKI File Format
Prev UpChapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial ContentsHome Next

70.3. BKI File Format

This section describes how the PostgreSQL backend interprets BKI files. This description will be easier to understand if the postgres.bki @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ strings. Everything is case sensitive.

Lines starting with # are ignored. -

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70.2. System Catalog Initial Data Home 70.4. BKI Commands
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70.2. System Catalog Initial Data Home 70.4. BKI Commands
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70.5. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File
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70.5. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File

+70.5. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File

70.5. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File
Prev UpChapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial ContentsHome Next

70.5. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File

The open command cannot be used until the tables it uses exist and have entries for the table that is to be opened. (These minimum tables are pg_class, @@ -39,4 +39,4 @@

There are doubtless other, undocumented ordering dependencies. -

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70.4. BKI Commands Home 70.6. BKI Example
\ No newline at end of file diff -Nru postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/bki.html postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/bki.html --- postgresql-13-13.11/doc/src/sgml/html/bki.html 2023-05-08 21:34:13.000000000 +0000 +++ postgresql-13-13.12/doc/src/sgml/html/bki.html 2023-08-07 20:32:33.000000000 +0000 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -Chapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial Contents
Chapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial Contents
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Chapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial Contents

Table of Contents

70.1. System Catalog Declaration Rules
70.2. System Catalog Initial Data
70.2.1. Data File Format
70.2.2. OID Assignment
70.2.3. OID Reference Lookup
70.2.4. Automatic Creation of Array Types
70.2.5. Recipes for Editing Data Files
70.3. BKI File Format
70.4. BKI Commands
70.5. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File
70.6. BKI Example

+Chapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial Contents

Chapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial Contents
Prev UpPart VII. InternalsHome Next

Chapter 70. System Catalog Declarations and Initial Contents

Table of Contents

70.1. System Catalog Declaration Rules
70.2. System Catalog Initial Data
70.2.1. Data File Format
70.2.2. OID Assignment
70.2.3. OID Reference Lookup
70.2.4. Automatic Creation of Array Types
70.2.5. Recipes for Editing Data Files
70.3. BKI File Format
70.4. BKI Commands
70.5. Structure of the Bootstrap BKI File
70.6. BKI Example

PostgreSQL uses many different system catalogs to keep track of the existence and properties of database objects, such as tables and functions. Physically there is no difference between a system @@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ and/or initial data files. The rest of this chapter gives some information about that, and for completeness describes the BKI file format. -

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F.5. bloom
Prev UpAppendix F. Additional Supplied ModulesHome Next

F.5. bloom

F.5.1. Parameters
F.5.2. Examples
F.5.3. Operator Class Interface
F.5.4. Limitations
F.5.5. Authors

+F.5. bloom

F.5. bloom
Prev UpAppendix F. Additional Supplied ModulesHome Next

F.5. bloom

F.5.1. Parameters
F.5.2. Examples
F.5.3. Operator Class Interface
F.5.4. Limitations
F.5.5. Authors

bloom provides an index access method based on Bloom filters.

@@ -187,4 +187,4 @@

Oleg Bartunov , Postgres Professional, Moscow, Russia -

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Index
Prev UpPostgreSQL 13.11 DocumentationHome 

Index

Symbols +Index

Index
Prev UpPostgreSQL 13.12 DocumentationHome 

Index

Symbols | A | @@ -51,19 +51,19 @@ | Y | - Z

A

abbrev, Network Address Functions and Operators
ABORT, ABORT
abs, Mathematical Functions and Operators
ACL, Privileges
aclcontains, System Information Functions and Operators
acldefault, System Information Functions and Operators
aclexplode, System Information Functions and Operators
aclitem, Privileges
aclitemeq, System Information Functions and Operators
acos, Mathematical Functions and Operators
acosd, Mathematical Functions and Operators
acosh, Mathematical Functions and Operators
administration tools
externally maintained, Administration Tools
adminpack, adminpack
advisory lock, Advisory Locks
age, Date/Time Functions and Operators
aggregate function, Aggregate Functions, Aggregate Expressions, Aggregate Functions, User-Defined Aggregates
built-in, Aggregate Functions
invocation, Aggregate Expressions
moving aggregate, Moving-Aggregate Mode
ordered set, Ordered-Set Aggregates
partial aggregation, Partial Aggregation
polymorphic, Polymorphic and Variadic Aggregates
support functions for, Support Functions for Aggregates
user-defined, User-Defined Aggregates
variadic, Polymorphic and Variadic Aggregates
AIX, AIX
installation on, AIX
IPC configuration, Shared Memory and Semaphores
akeys, hstore Operators and Functions
alias, Table and Column Aliases, Column Labels
for table name in query, Joins Between Tables
in the FROM clause, Table and Column Aliases
in the select list, Column Labels
ALL, Subquery Expressions, Row and Array Comparisons
allow_in_place_tablespaces configuration parameter, Developer Options
allow_system_table_mods configuration parameter, Developer Options
ALTER AGGREGATE, ALTER AGGREGATE
ALTER COLLATION, ALTER COLLATION
ALTER CONVERSION, ALTER CONVERSION
ALTER DATABASE, ALTER DATABASE
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES, ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
ALTER DOMAIN, ALTER DOMAIN
ALTER EVENT TRIGGER, ALTER EVENT TRIGGER
ALTER EXTENSION, ALTER EXTENSION
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER, ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE, ALTER FOREIGN TABLE
ALTER FUNCTION, ALTER FUNCTION
ALTER GROUP, ALTER GROUP
ALTER INDEX, ALTER INDEX
ALTER LANGUAGE, ALTER LANGUAGE
ALTER LARGE OBJECT, ALTER LARGE OBJECT
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
ALTER OPERATOR, ALTER OPERATOR
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS, ALTER OPERATOR CLASS
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY, ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY
ALTER POLICY, ALTER POLICY
ALTER PROCEDURE, ALTER PROCEDURE
ALTER PUBLICATION, ALTER PUBLICATION
ALTER ROLE, Role Attributes, ALTER ROLE
ALTER ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE
ALTER RULE, ALTER RULE
ALTER SCHEMA, ALTER SCHEMA
ALTER SEQUENCE, ALTER SEQUENCE
ALTER SERVER, ALTER SERVER
ALTER STATISTICS, ALTER STATISTICS
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION, ALTER SUBSCRIPTION
ALTER SYSTEM, ALTER SYSTEM
ALTER TABLE, ALTER TABLE
ALTER TABLESPACE, ALTER TABLESPACE
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION, ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY, ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER, ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER
ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE, ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE
ALTER TRIGGER, ALTER TRIGGER
ALTER TYPE, ALTER TYPE
ALTER USER, ALTER USER
ALTER USER MAPPING, ALTER USER MAPPING
ALTER VIEW, ALTER VIEW
amcheck, amcheck
ANALYZE, Updating Planner Statistics, ANALYZE
AND (operator), Logical Operators
anonymous code blocks, DO
any, Pseudo-Types
ANY, Aggregate Functions, Subquery Expressions, Row and Array Comparisons
anyarray, Pseudo-Types
anycompatible, Pseudo-Types
anycompatiblearray, Pseudo-Types
anycompatiblenonarray, Pseudo-Types
anycompatiblerange, Pseudo-Types
anyelement, Pseudo-Types
anyenum, Pseudo-Types
anynonarray, Pseudo-Types
anyrange, Pseudo-Types
applicable role, applicable_roles
application_name configuration parameter, What to Log
arbitrary precision numbers, Arbitrary Precision Numbers
archive_cleanup_command configuration parameter, Archive Recovery
archive_command configuration parameter, Archiving
archive_mode configuration parameter, Archiving
archive_timeout configuration parameter, Archiving
area, Geometric Functions and Operators
armor, armor(), dearmor()
array, Arrays
accessing, Accessing Arrays
constant, Array Value Input
constructor, Array Constructors
declaration, Declaration of Array Types
I/O, Array Input and Output Syntax
modifying, Modifying Arrays
of user-defined type, User-Defined Types
searching, Searching in Arrays
ARRAY, Array Constructors, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
determination of result type, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
array_agg, Aggregate Functions, Functions
array_append, Array Functions and Operators
array_cat, Array Functions and Operators
array_dims, Array Functions and Operators
array_fill, Array Functions and Operators
array_length, Array Functions and Operators
array_lower, Array Functions and Operators
array_ndims, Array Functions and Operators
array_nulls configuration parameter, Previous PostgreSQL Versions
array_position, Array Functions and Operators
array_positions, Array Functions and Operators
array_prepend, Array Functions and Operators
array_remove, Array Functions and Operators
array_replace, Array Functions and Operators
array_to_json, Processing and Creating JSON Data
array_to_string, Array Functions and Operators
array_to_tsvector, Text Search Functions and Operators
array_upper, Array Functions and Operators
ascii, String Functions and Operators
asin, Mathematical Functions and Operators
asind, Mathematical Functions and Operators
asinh, Mathematical Functions and Operators
ASSERT
in PL/pgSQL, Checking Assertions
assertions
in PL/pgSQL, Checking Assertions
asynchronous commit, Asynchronous Commit
AT TIME ZONE, AT TIME ZONE
atan, Mathematical Functions and Operators
atan2, Mathematical Functions and Operators
atan2d, Mathematical Functions and Operators
atand, Mathematical Functions and Operators
atanh, Mathematical Functions and Operators
authentication_timeout configuration parameter, Authentication
auth_delay, auth_delay
auth_delay.milliseconds configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto-increment (see serial)
autocommit
bulk-loading data, Disable Autocommit
psql, Variables
autosummarize storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters
autovacuum
configuration parameters, Automatic Vacuuming
general information, The Autovacuum Daemon
autovacuum configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_analyze_threshold
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_enabled storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_freeze_max_age
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_freeze_min_age storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_freeze_table_age storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_max_workers configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_multixact_freeze_min_age storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_naptime configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_insert_scale_factor
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_insert_threshold
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_threshold
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_work_mem configuration parameter, Memory
auto_explain, auto_explain
auto_explain.log_analyze configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_buffers configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_format configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_level configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_min_duration configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_nested_statements configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_settings configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_timing configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_triggers configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_verbose configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_wal configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.sample_rate configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
avals, hstore Operators and Functions
average, Aggregate Functions
avg, Aggregate Functions

B

B-tree (see index)
backend_flush_after configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
Background workers, Background Worker Processes
backslash escapes, String Constants with C-Style Escapes
backslash_quote configuration parameter, Previous PostgreSQL Versions
backtrace_functions configuration parameter, Developer Options
backup, Backup Control Functions, Backup and Restore
Backup Manifest, Backup Manifest Format
base type, The PostgreSQL Type System
base64 format, Binary String Functions and Operators
BASE_BACKUP, Streaming Replication Protocol
BEGIN, BEGIN
BETWEEN, Comparison Functions and Operators
BETWEEN SYMMETRIC, Comparison Functions and Operators
BGWORKER_BACKEND_​DATABASE_CONNECTION, Background Worker Processes
BGWORKER_SHMEM_ACCESS, Background Worker Processes
bgwriter_delay configuration parameter, Background Writer
bgwriter_flush_after configuration parameter, Background Writer
bgwriter_lru_maxpages configuration parameter, Background Writer
bgwriter_lru_multiplier configuration parameter, Background Writer
bigint, Numeric Constants, Integer Types
bigserial, Serial Types
binary data, Binary Data Types, Binary String Functions and Operators
functions, Binary String Functions and Operators
binary string
concatenation, Binary String Functions and Operators
converting to character string, Binary String Functions and Operators
length, Binary String Functions and Operators
bison, Requirements
bit string, Bit-String Constants, Bit String Types
constant, Bit-String Constants
data type, Bit String Types
length, Bit String Functions and Operators
bit strings, Bit String Functions and Operators
functions, Bit String Functions and Operators
bitmap scan, Combining Multiple Indexes, Planner Method Configuration
bit_and, Aggregate Functions
bit_length, String Functions and Operators, Binary String Functions and Operators, Bit String Functions and Operators
bit_or, Aggregate Functions
BLOB (see large object)
block_size configuration parameter, Preset Options
bloom, bloom
bonjour configuration parameter, Connection Settings
bonjour_name configuration parameter, Connection Settings
Boolean, Boolean Type
data type, Boolean Type
operators (see operators, logical)
bool_and, Aggregate Functions
bool_or, Aggregate Functions
booting
starting the server during, Starting the Database Server
bound_box, Geometric Functions and Operators
box, Geometric Functions and Operators
box (data type), Boxes
BRIN (see index)
brin_desummarize_range, Index Maintenance Functions
brin_metapage_info, BRIN Functions
brin_page_items, BRIN Functions
brin_page_type, BRIN Functions
brin_revmap_data, BRIN Functions
brin_summarize_new_values, Index Maintenance Functions
brin_summarize_range, Index Maintenance Functions
broadcast, Network Address Functions and Operators
BSD Authentication, BSD Authentication
btree_gin, btree_gin
btree_gist, btree_gist
btrim, String Functions and Operators, Binary String Functions and Operators
bt_index_check, Functions
bt_index_parent_check, Functions
bt_metap, B-Tree Functions
bt_page_items, B-Tree Functions
bt_page_stats, B-Tree Functions
buffering storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters
bytea, Binary Data Types
bytea_output configuration parameter, Statement Behavior

C

C, libpq — C Library, ECPG — Embedded SQL in C
C++, Using C++ for Extensibility
CALL, CALL
canceling, Canceling Queries in Progress
SQL command, Canceling Queries in Progress
cardinality, Array Functions and Operators
CASCADE, Dependency Tracking
with DROP, Dependency Tracking
foreign key action, Foreign Keys
Cascading Replication, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
CASE, Conditional Expressions, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
determination of result type, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
case sensitivity
of SQL commands, Identifiers and Key Words
cast, CREATE CAST
I/O conversion, CREATE CAST
cbrt, Mathematical Functions and Operators
ceil, Mathematical Functions and Operators
ceiling, Mathematical Functions and Operators
center, Geometric Functions and Operators
Certificate, Certificate Authentication
chained transactions, Transaction Management, Parameters, Parameters
in PL/pgSQL, Transaction Management
char, Character Types
character, Character Types
character set, Locale and Formatting, Preset Options, Character Set Support
character string, String Constants, Character Types
concatenation, String Functions and Operators
constant, String Constants
converting to binary string, Binary String Functions and Operators
data types, Character Types
length, String Functions and Operators
character varying, Character Types
character_length, String Functions and Operators
char_length, String Functions and Operators
check constraint, Check Constraints
CHECK OPTION, CREATE VIEW
checkpoint, WAL Configuration
CHECKPOINT, CHECKPOINT
checkpoint_completion_target configuration parameter, Checkpoints
checkpoint_flush_after configuration parameter, Checkpoints
checkpoint_timeout configuration parameter, Checkpoints
checkpoint_warning configuration parameter, Checkpoints
check_function_bodies configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
chr, String Functions and Operators
cid, Object Identifier Types
cidr, cidr
circle, Circles, Geometric Functions and Operators
citext, citext
client authentication, Client Authentication
timeout during, Authentication
client_encoding configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
client_min_messages configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
clock_timestamp, Date/Time Functions and Operators
CLOSE, CLOSE
cluster
of databases (see database cluster)
CLUSTER, CLUSTER
clusterdb, clusterdb
clustering, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
cluster_name configuration parameter, Process Title
cmax, System Columns
cmin, System Columns
COALESCE, COALESCE
COLLATE, Collation Expressions
collation, Collation Support
in PL/pgSQL, Collation of PL/pgSQL Variables
in SQL functions, SQL Functions with Collations
COLLATION FOR, System Information Functions and Operators
color, Color Support
column, Concepts, Table Basics
adding, Adding a Column
removing, Removing a Column
renaming, Renaming a Column
system column, System Columns
column data type
changing, Changing a Column's Data Type
column reference, Column References
col_description, System Information Functions and Operators
comment, Comments
about database objects, System Information Functions and Operators
in SQL, Comments
COMMENT, COMMENT
COMMIT, COMMIT
COMMIT PREPARED, COMMIT PREPARED
commit_delay configuration parameter, Settings
commit_siblings configuration parameter, Settings
common table expression (see WITH)
comparison, Comparison Functions and Operators, Subquery Expressions
composite type, Row and Array Comparisons
operators, Comparison Functions and Operators
row constructor, Row and Array Comparisons
subquery result row, Subquery Expressions
compiling, Building libpq Programs
libpq applications, Building libpq Programs
composite type, Composite Types, The PostgreSQL Type System
comparison, Row and Array Comparisons
constant, Constructing Composite Values
constructor, Row Constructors
computed field, Using Composite Types in Queries
concat, String Functions and Operators
concat_ws, String Functions and Operators
concurrency, Concurrency Control
conditional expression, Conditional Expressions
configuration
of recovery
of a standby server, Archive Recovery
of the server, Server Configuration
of the server
functions, Configuration Settings Functions
configure, Installation Procedure
configure environment variables, configure Environment Variables
configure options, configure Options
config_file configuration parameter, File Locations
conjunction, Logical Operators
connectby, Functions Provided, connectby
connection service file, The Connection Service File
conninfo, Connection Strings
constant, Constants
constraint, Constraints
adding, Adding a Constraint
check, Check Constraints
exclusion, Exclusion Constraints
foreign key, Foreign Keys
name, Check Constraints
NOT NULL, Not-Null Constraints
primary key, Primary Keys
removing, Removing a Constraint
unique, Unique Constraints
constraint exclusion, Partitioning and Constraint Exclusion, Other Planner Options
constraint_exclusion configuration parameter, Other Planner Options
container type, The PostgreSQL Type System
CONTINUE
in PL/pgSQL, CONTINUE
continuous archiving, Backup and Restore
in standby, Continuous Archiving in Standby
control file, Extension Files
convert, Binary String Functions and Operators
convert_from, Binary String Functions and Operators
convert_to, Binary String Functions and Operators
COPY, Populating a Table With Rows, Functions Associated with the COPY Command, COPY
with libpq, Functions Associated with the COPY Command
corr, Aggregate Functions
correlation, Aggregate Functions
in the query planner, Extended Statistics
cos, Mathematical Functions and Operators
cosd, Mathematical Functions and Operators
cosh, Mathematical Functions and Operators
cot, Mathematical Functions and Operators
cotd, Mathematical Functions and Operators
count, Aggregate Functions
covariance
population, Aggregate Functions
sample, Aggregate Functions
covar_pop, Aggregate Functions
covar_samp, Aggregate Functions
covering index, Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes
cpu_index_tuple_cost configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
cpu_operator_cost configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
cpu_tuple_cost configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
CREATE ACCESS METHOD, CREATE ACCESS METHOD
CREATE AGGREGATE, CREATE AGGREGATE
CREATE CAST, CREATE CAST
CREATE COLLATION, CREATE COLLATION
CREATE CONVERSION, CREATE CONVERSION
CREATE DATABASE, Creating a Database, CREATE DATABASE
CREATE DOMAIN, CREATE DOMAIN
CREATE EVENT TRIGGER, CREATE EVENT TRIGGER
CREATE EXTENSION, CREATE EXTENSION
CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER, CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
CREATE FOREIGN TABLE, CREATE FOREIGN TABLE
CREATE FUNCTION, CREATE FUNCTION
CREATE GROUP, CREATE GROUP
CREATE INDEX, CREATE INDEX
CREATE LANGUAGE, CREATE LANGUAGE
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
CREATE OPERATOR, CREATE OPERATOR
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS, CREATE OPERATOR CLASS
CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY, CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY
CREATE POLICY, CREATE POLICY
CREATE PROCEDURE, CREATE PROCEDURE
CREATE PUBLICATION, CREATE PUBLICATION
CREATE ROLE, Database Roles, CREATE ROLE
CREATE RULE, CREATE RULE
CREATE SCHEMA, CREATE SCHEMA
CREATE SEQUENCE, CREATE SEQUENCE
CREATE SERVER, CREATE SERVER
CREATE STATISTICS, CREATE STATISTICS
CREATE SUBSCRIPTION, CREATE SUBSCRIPTION
CREATE TABLE, Creating a New Table, CREATE TABLE
CREATE TABLE AS, CREATE TABLE AS
CREATE TABLESPACE, Tablespaces, CREATE TABLESPACE
CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION, CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY, CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER, CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER
CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE, CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE
CREATE TRANSFORM, CREATE TRANSFORM
CREATE TRIGGER, CREATE TRIGGER
CREATE TYPE, CREATE TYPE
CREATE USER, CREATE USER
CREATE USER MAPPING, CREATE USER MAPPING
CREATE VIEW, CREATE VIEW
createdb, Creating a Database, Creating a Database, createdb
createuser, Database Roles, createuser
CREATE_REPLICATION_SLOT, Streaming Replication Protocol
cross compilation, Build Process Details
cross join, Joined Tables
crosstab, crosstab(text), crosstabN(text), crosstab(text, text)
crypt, crypt()
cstring, Pseudo-Types
CSV (Comma-Separated Values) format
in psql, Meta-Commands
ctid, System Columns
CTID, View Rules in Non-SELECT Statements
CUBE, GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP
cube (extension), cube
cume_dist, Window Functions
hypothetical, Aggregate Functions
current_catalog, System Information Functions and Operators
current_database, System Information Functions and Operators
current_date, Date/Time Functions and Operators
current_logfiles
and the log_destination configuration parameter, Where to Log
and the pg_current_logfile function, System Information Functions and Operators
current_query, System Information Functions and Operators
current_role, System Information Functions and Operators
current_schema, System Information Functions and Operators
current_schemas, System Information Functions and Operators
current_setting, Configuration Settings Functions
current_time, Date/Time Functions and Operators
current_timestamp, Date/Time Functions and Operators
current_user, System Information Functions and Operators
currval, Sequence Manipulation Functions
cursor, Cursors, CLOSE, DECLARE, EXPLAIN, FETCH, MOVE
CLOSE, CLOSE
DECLARE, DECLARE
FETCH, FETCH
in PL/pgSQL, Cursors
MOVE, MOVE
showing the query plan, EXPLAIN
cursor_tuple_fraction configuration parameter, Other Planner Options
custom scan provider, Writing a Custom Scan Provider
handler for, Writing a Custom Scan Provider
Cygwin, Cygwin
installation on, Cygwin

D

data area (see database cluster)
data partitioning, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
data type, Data Types, Numeric Types, Enumerated Types, Domain Types, Type Conversion, The PostgreSQL Type System, The PostgreSQL Type System, The PostgreSQL Type System, Polymorphic Types, Base Types in C-Language Functions, User-Defined Types
base, The PostgreSQL Type System
category, Overview
composite, The PostgreSQL Type System
constant, Constants of Other Types
container, The PostgreSQL Type System
conversion, Type Conversion
domain, Domain Types
enumerated (enum), Enumerated Types
internal organization, Base Types in C-Language Functions
numeric, Numeric Types
polymorphic, Polymorphic Types
type cast, Type Casts
user-defined, User-Defined Types
database, Creating a Database, Managing Databases
creating, Creating a Database
privilege to create, Role Attributes
database activity, Monitoring Database Activity
monitoring, Monitoring Database Activity
database cluster, Concepts, Creating a Database Cluster
data_checksums configuration parameter, Preset Options
data_directory configuration parameter, File Locations
data_directory_mode configuration parameter, Preset Options
data_sync_retry configuration parameter, Error Handling
date, Date/Time Types, Dates
constants, Special Values
current, Current Date/Time
output format, Date/Time Output
(see also formatting)
DateStyle configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
date_part, Date/Time Functions and Operators, EXTRACT, date_part
date_trunc, Date/Time Functions and Operators, date_trunc
dblink, dblink, dblink
dblink_build_sql_delete, dblink_build_sql_delete
dblink_build_sql_insert, dblink_build_sql_insert
dblink_build_sql_update, dblink_build_sql_update
dblink_cancel_query, dblink_cancel_query
dblink_close, dblink_close
dblink_connect, dblink_connect
dblink_connect_u, dblink_connect_u
dblink_disconnect, dblink_disconnect
dblink_error_message, dblink_error_message
dblink_exec, dblink_exec
dblink_fetch, dblink_fetch
dblink_get_connections, dblink_get_connections
dblink_get_notify, dblink_get_notify
dblink_get_pkey, dblink_get_pkey
dblink_get_result, dblink_get_result
dblink_is_busy, dblink_is_busy
dblink_open, dblink_open
dblink_send_query, dblink_send_query
db_user_namespace configuration parameter, Authentication
deadlock, Deadlocks
timeout during, Lock Management
deadlock_timeout configuration parameter, Lock Management
DEALLOCATE, DEALLOCATE
dearmor, armor(), dearmor()
debug_assertions configuration parameter, Preset Options
debug_deadlocks configuration parameter, Developer Options
debug_pretty_print configuration parameter, What to Log
debug_print_parse configuration parameter, What to Log
debug_print_plan configuration parameter, What to Log
debug_print_rewritten configuration parameter, What to Log
decimal (see numeric)
DECLARE, DECLARE
decode, Binary String Functions and Operators
decode_bytea
in PL/Perl, Utility Functions in PL/Perl
decrypt, Raw Encryption Functions
decrypt_iv, Raw Encryption Functions
deduplicate_items storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters
default value, Default Values
changing, Changing a Column's Default Value
default_statistics_target configuration parameter, Other Planner Options
default_tablespace configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
default_table_access_method configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
default_text_search_config configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
default_transaction_deferrable configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
default_transaction_isolation configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
default_transaction_read_only configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
deferrable transaction, Statement Behavior
setting, SET TRANSACTION
setting default, Statement Behavior
defined, hstore Operators and Functions
degrees, Mathematical Functions and Operators
delay, Delaying Execution
DELETE, Deletions, Deleting Data, Returning Data from Modified Rows, DELETE
RETURNING, Returning Data from Modified Rows
delete, hstore Operators and Functions
deleting, Deleting Data
dense_rank, Window Functions
hypothetical, Aggregate Functions
diagonal, Geometric Functions and Operators
diameter, Geometric Functions and Operators
dict_int, dict_int
dict_xsyn, dict_xsyn
difference, Soundex
digest, digest()
dirty read, Transaction Isolation
DISCARD, DISCARD
disjunction, Logical Operators
disk drive, WAL Internals
disk space, Recovering Disk Space
disk usage, Determining Disk Usage
DISTINCT, Querying a Table, DISTINCT
div, Mathematical Functions and Operators
dmetaphone, Double Metaphone
dmetaphone_alt, Double Metaphone
DO, DO
document, What Is a Document?
text search, What Is a Document?
dollar quoting, Dollar-Quoted String Constants
domain, Domain Types
double precision, Floating-Point Types
DROP ACCESS METHOD, DROP ACCESS METHOD
DROP AGGREGATE, DROP AGGREGATE
DROP CAST, DROP CAST
DROP COLLATION, DROP COLLATION
DROP CONVERSION, DROP CONVERSION
DROP DATABASE, Destroying a Database, DROP DATABASE
DROP DOMAIN, DROP DOMAIN
DROP EVENT TRIGGER, DROP EVENT TRIGGER
DROP EXTENSION, DROP EXTENSION
DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER, DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
DROP FOREIGN TABLE, DROP FOREIGN TABLE
DROP FUNCTION, DROP FUNCTION
DROP GROUP, DROP GROUP
DROP INDEX, DROP INDEX
DROP LANGUAGE, DROP LANGUAGE
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW, DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
DROP OPERATOR, DROP OPERATOR
DROP OPERATOR CLASS, DROP OPERATOR CLASS
DROP OPERATOR FAMILY, DROP OPERATOR FAMILY
DROP OWNED, DROP OWNED
DROP POLICY, DROP POLICY
DROP PROCEDURE, DROP PROCEDURE
DROP PUBLICATION, DROP PUBLICATION
DROP ROLE, Database Roles, DROP ROLE
DROP ROUTINE, DROP ROUTINE
DROP RULE, DROP RULE
DROP SCHEMA, DROP SCHEMA
DROP SEQUENCE, DROP SEQUENCE
DROP SERVER, DROP SERVER
DROP STATISTICS, DROP STATISTICS
DROP SUBSCRIPTION, DROP SUBSCRIPTION
DROP TABLE, Creating a New Table, DROP TABLE
DROP TABLESPACE, DROP TABLESPACE
DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION, DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY, DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER, DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER
DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE, DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE
DROP TRANSFORM, DROP TRANSFORM
DROP TRIGGER, DROP TRIGGER
DROP TYPE, DROP TYPE
DROP USER, DROP USER
DROP USER MAPPING, DROP USER MAPPING
DROP VIEW, DROP VIEW
dropdb, Destroying a Database, dropdb
dropuser, Database Roles, dropuser
DROP_REPLICATION_SLOT, Streaming Replication Protocol
DTD, Creating XML Values
DTrace, Developer Options, Dynamic Tracing
duplicate, Querying a Table
duplicates, DISTINCT
dynamic loading, Other Defaults, Dynamic Loading
dynamic_library_path, Dynamic Loading
dynamic_library_path configuration parameter, Other Defaults
dynamic_shared_memory_type configuration parameter, Memory

E

each, hstore Operators and Functions
earth, Cube-Based Earth Distances
earthdistance, earthdistance
earth_box, Cube-Based Earth Distances
earth_distance, Cube-Based Earth Distances
ECPG, ECPG — Embedded SQL in C
ecpg, ecpg
effective_cache_size configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
effective_io_concurrency configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
elog, Reporting Errors Within the Server
in PL/Perl, Utility Functions in PL/Perl
in PL/Python, Utility Functions
in PL/Tcl, Database Access from PL/Tcl
embedded SQL, ECPG — Embedded SQL in C
in C, ECPG — Embedded SQL in C
enabled role, enabled_roles
enable_bitmapscan configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_gathermerge configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_hashagg configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_hashjoin configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_incremental_sort configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_indexonlyscan configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_indexscan configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_material configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_mergejoin configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_nestloop configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_parallel_append configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_parallel_hash configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_partitionwise_aggregate configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_partitionwise_join configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_partition_pruning configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_seqscan configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_sort configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
enable_tidscan configuration parameter, Planner Method Configuration
encode, Binary String Functions and Operators
encode_array_constructor
in PL/Perl, Utility Functions in PL/Perl
encode_array_literal
in PL/Perl, Utility Functions in PL/Perl
encode_bytea
in PL/Perl, Utility Functions in PL/Perl
encode_typed_literal
in PL/Perl, Utility Functions in PL/Perl
encrypt, Raw Encryption Functions
encryption, Encryption Options, pgcrypto
for specific columns, pgcrypto
encrypt_iv, Raw Encryption Functions
END, END
enumerated types, Enumerated Types
enum_first, Enum Support Functions
enum_last, Enum Support Functions
enum_range, Enum Support Functions
environment variable, Environment Variables
ephemeral named relation
registering with SPI, SPI_register_relation, SPI_register_trigger_data
unregistering from SPI, SPI_unregister_relation
ereport, Reporting Errors Within the Server
error codes, PostgreSQL Error Codes
libpq, Main Functions
list of, PostgreSQL Error Codes
error message, Connection Status Functions
escape format, Binary String Functions and Operators
escape string syntax, String Constants with C-Style Escapes
escape_string_warning configuration parameter, Previous PostgreSQL Versions
escaping strings, Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands
in libpq, Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands
event log, Registering Event Log on Windows
event log, Registering Event Log on Windows
event trigger, Event Triggers, Writing Event Trigger Functions in C
in C, Writing Event Trigger Functions in C
in PL/Tcl, Event Trigger Functions in PL/Tcl
event_source configuration parameter, Where to Log
event_trigger, Pseudo-Types
every, Aggregate Functions
EXCEPT, Combining Queries
exceptions
in PL/pgSQL, Trapping Errors
in PL/Tcl, Error Handling in PL/Tcl
exclusion constraint, Exclusion Constraints
EXECUTE, EXECUTE
exist, hstore Operators and Functions
EXISTS, Subquery Expressions
EXIT
in PL/pgSQL, EXIT
exit_on_error configuration parameter, Error Handling
exp, Mathematical Functions and Operators
EXPLAIN, Using EXPLAIN, EXPLAIN
expression, Value Expressions
order of evaluation, Expression Evaluation Rules
syntax, Value Expressions
extending SQL, Extending SQL
extension, Packaging Related Objects into an Extension
externally maintained, Extensions
external_pid_file configuration parameter, File Locations
extract, Date/Time Functions and Operators, EXTRACT, date_part
extra_float_digits configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting

F

factorial, Mathematical Functions and Operators
failover, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
false, Boolean Type
family, Network Address Functions and Operators
fast path, The Fast-Path Interface
fastupdate storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters
fdw_handler, Pseudo-Types
FETCH, FETCH
field
computed, Using Composite Types in Queries
field selection, Field Selection
file system mount points, Use of Secondary File Systems
file_fdw, file_fdw
fillfactor storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters, Storage Parameters
FILTER, Aggregate Expressions
first_value, Window Functions
flex, Requirements
float4 (see real)
float8 (see double precision)
floating point, Floating-Point Types
floating-point
display, Locale and Formatting
floor, Mathematical Functions and Operators
force_parallel_mode configuration parameter, Other Planner Options
foreign data, Foreign Data
foreign data wrapper, Writing a Foreign Data Wrapper
handler for, Writing a Foreign Data Wrapper
foreign key, Foreign Keys, Foreign Keys
self-referential, Foreign Keys
foreign table, Foreign Data
format, String Functions and Operators, format
use in PL/pgSQL, Executing Dynamic Commands
formatting, Data Type Formatting Functions
format_type, System Information Functions and Operators
Free Space Map, Free Space Map
FreeBSD
IPC configuration, Shared Memory and Semaphores
shared library, Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions
start script, Starting the Database Server
from_collapse_limit configuration parameter, Other Planner Options
FSM (see Free Space Map)
fsm_page_contents, General Functions
fsync configuration parameter, Settings
full text search, Text Search Types, Text Search Types, Full Text Search
data types, Text Search Types
functions and operators, Text Search Types
full_page_writes configuration parameter, Settings
function, Table Functions, Functions and Operators, Statistics Information Functions, Functions, Polymorphic Types, User-Defined Functions, Query Language (SQL) Functions, Internal Functions, C-Language Functions
default values for arguments, SQL Functions with Default Values for Arguments
in the FROM clause, Table Functions
internal, Internal Functions
invocation, Function Calls
mixed notation, Using Mixed Notation
named argument, Arguments for SQL Functions
named notation, Using Named Notation
output parameter, SQL Functions with Output Parameters
polymorphic, Polymorphic Types
positional notation, Using Positional Notation
RETURNS TABLE, SQL Functions Returning TABLE
statistics, Statistics Information Functions
type resolution in an invocation, Functions
user-defined, User-Defined Functions, Query Language (SQL) Functions, C-Language Functions
in C, C-Language Functions
in SQL, Query Language (SQL) Functions
variadic, SQL Functions with Variable Numbers of Arguments
with SETOF, SQL Functions Returning Sets
functional dependency, The GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses
fuzzystrmatch, fuzzystrmatch

G

gcd, Mathematical Functions and Operators
gc_to_sec, Cube-Based Earth Distances
generated column, Generated Columns, Parameters, Parameters
in - triggers, Overview of Trigger Behavior
generate_series, Set Returning Functions
generate_subscripts, Set Returning Functions
genetic query optimization, Genetic Query Optimizer
gen_random_bytes, Random-Data Functions
gen_random_uuid, UUID Functions, Random-Data Functions
gen_salt, gen_salt()
GEQO (see genetic query optimization)
geqo configuration parameter, Genetic Query Optimizer
geqo_effort configuration parameter, Genetic Query Optimizer
geqo_generations configuration parameter, Genetic Query Optimizer
geqo_pool_size configuration parameter, Genetic Query Optimizer
geqo_seed configuration parameter, Genetic Query Optimizer
geqo_selection_bias configuration parameter, Genetic Query Optimizer
geqo_threshold configuration parameter, Genetic Query Optimizer
get_bit, Binary String Functions and Operators, Bit String Functions and Operators
get_byte, Binary String Functions and Operators
get_current_ts_config, Text Search Functions and Operators
get_raw_page, General Functions
GIN (see index)
gin_clean_pending_list, Index Maintenance Functions
gin_fuzzy_search_limit configuration parameter, Other Defaults
gin_leafpage_items, GIN Functions
gin_metapage_info, GIN Functions
gin_page_opaque_info, GIN Functions
gin_pending_list_limit
configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters
GiST (see index)
global data, Global Data in PL/Tcl
in PL/Python, Sharing Data
in PL/Tcl, Global Data in PL/Tcl
GRANT, Privileges, GRANT
GREATEST, GREATEST and LEAST, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
determination of result type, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
Gregorian calendar, History of Units
GROUP BY, Aggregate Functions, The GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses
grouping, The GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses
GROUPING, Aggregate Functions
GROUPING SETS, GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP
gssapi, Secure TCP/IP Connections with GSSAPI Encryption
GSSAPI, GSSAPI Authentication
with - libpq, Parameter Key Words
GUID, UUID Type

H

hash (see index)
hash_bitmap_info, Hash Functions
hash_mem_multiplier configuration parameter, Memory
hash_metapage_info, Hash Functions
hash_page_items, Hash Functions
hash_page_stats, Hash Functions
hash_page_type, Hash Functions
has_any_column_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_column_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_database_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_foreign_data_wrapper_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_function_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_language_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_schema_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_sequence_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_server_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_tablespace_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_table_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
has_type_privilege, System Information Functions and Operators
HAVING, Aggregate Functions, The GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses
hba_file configuration parameter, File Locations
heap_page_items, Heap Functions
heap_page_item_attrs, Heap Functions
heap_tuple_infomask_flags, Heap Functions
height, Geometric Functions and Operators
hex format, Binary String Functions and Operators
hierarchical database, Concepts
high availability, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
history, A Brief History of PostgreSQL
of PostgreSQL, A Brief History of PostgreSQL
hmac, hmac()
host, Network Address Functions and Operators
host - name, Parameter Key Words
hostmask, Network Address Functions and Operators
Hot Standby, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
hot_standby configuration parameter, Standby Servers
hot_standby_feedback configuration parameter, Standby Servers
HP-UX
IPC configuration, Shared Memory and Semaphores
shared library, Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions
hstore, hstore, hstore Operators and Functions
hstore_to_array, hstore Operators and Functions
hstore_to_json, hstore Operators and Functions
hstore_to_jsonb, hstore Operators and Functions
hstore_to_jsonb_loose, hstore Operators and Functions
hstore_to_json_loose, hstore Operators and Functions
hstore_to_matrix, hstore Operators and Functions
huge_pages configuration parameter, Memory
hypothetical-set aggregate
built-in, Aggregate Functions

I

icount, intarray Functions and Operators
ICU, PostgreSQL Features, Managing Collations, Parameters
ident, Ident Authentication
identifier, Identifiers and Key Words
length, Identifiers and Key Words
syntax of, Identifiers and Key Words
IDENTIFY_SYSTEM, Streaming Replication Protocol
ident_file configuration parameter, File Locations
idle_in_transaction_session_timeout configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
idx, intarray Functions and Operators
IFNULL, COALESCE
ignore_checksum_failure configuration parameter, Developer Options
ignore_invalid_pages configuration parameter, Developer Options
ignore_system_indexes configuration parameter, Developer Options
IMMUTABLE, Function Volatility Categories
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA, IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA
IN, Subquery Expressions, Row and Array Comparisons
INCLUDE
in index definitions, Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes
include
in configuration file, Managing Configuration File Contents
include_dir
in configuration file, Managing Configuration File Contents
include_if_exists
in configuration file, Managing Configuration File Contents
index, Indexes, Multicolumn Indexes, Indexes and ORDER BY, Combining Multiple Indexes, Unique Indexes, Indexes on Expressions, Partial Indexes, Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes, Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes, Examining Index Usage, Preferred Index Types for Text Search, Preferred Index Types for Text Search, Locking and Indexes, Interfacing Extensions to Indexes, Building Indexes Concurrently, Rebuilding Indexes Concurrently, Operators and Functions
and ORDER BY, Indexes and ORDER BY
B-tree, Index Types
B-Tree, B-Tree Indexes
BRIN, Index Types, BRIN Indexes
building concurrently, Building Indexes Concurrently
combining multiple indexes, Combining Multiple Indexes
covering, Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes
examining usage, Examining Index Usage
on expressions, Indexes on Expressions
for user-defined data type, Interfacing Extensions to Indexes
GIN, Index Types, Preferred Index Types for Text Search, GIN Indexes
text search, Preferred Index Types for Text Search
GiST, Index Types, Preferred Index Types for Text Search, GiST Indexes
text search, Preferred Index Types for Text Search
hash, Index Types
Hash, Hash Indexes
index-only scans, Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes
locks, Locking and Indexes
multicolumn, Multicolumn Indexes
partial, Partial Indexes
rebuilding concurrently, Rebuilding Indexes Concurrently
SP-GiST, Index Types, SP-GiST Indexes
unique, Unique Indexes
Index Access Method, Index Access Method Interface Definition
index scan, Planner Method Configuration
index-only scan, Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes
indexam
Index Access Method, Index Access Method Interface Definition
index_am_handler, Pseudo-Types
inet (data type), inet
inet_client_addr, System Information Functions and Operators
inet_client_port, System Information Functions and Operators
inet_merge, Network Address Functions and Operators
inet_same_family, Network Address Functions and Operators
inet_server_addr, System Information Functions and Operators
inet_server_port, System Information Functions and Operators
information schema, The Information Schema
inheritance, Inheritance, Inheritance
initcap, String Functions and Operators
initdb, Creating a Database Cluster, initdb
Initialization Fork, The Initialization Fork
input function, User-Defined Types
INSERT, Populating a Table With Rows, Inserting Data, Returning Data from Modified Rows, INSERT
RETURNING, Returning Data from Modified Rows
inserting, Inserting Data
installation, Installation from Source Code
on Windows, Installation from Source Code on Windows
instr function, Appendix
int2 (see smallint)
int4 (see integer)
int8 (see bigint)
intagg, intagg
intarray, intarray
integer, Numeric Constants, Integer Types
integer_datetimes configuration parameter, Preset Options
interfaces
externally maintained, Client Interfaces
internal, Pseudo-Types
INTERSECT, Combining Queries
interval, Date/Time Types, Interval Input
output format, Interval Output
(see also formatting)
IntervalStyle configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
intset, intarray Functions and Operators
int_array_aggregate, Functions
int_array_enum, Functions
inverse distribution, Aggregate Functions
in_range support functions, B-Tree Support Functions
IS DISTINCT FROM, Comparison Functions and Operators, Row and Array Comparisons
IS DOCUMENT, IS DOCUMENT
IS FALSE, Comparison Functions and Operators
IS NOT DISTINCT FROM, Comparison Functions and Operators, Row and Array Comparisons
IS NOT DOCUMENT, IS NOT DOCUMENT
IS NOT FALSE, Comparison Functions and Operators
IS NOT NULL, Comparison Functions and Operators
IS NOT TRUE, Comparison Functions and Operators
IS NOT UNKNOWN, Comparison Functions and Operators
IS NULL, Comparison Functions and Operators, Platform and Client Compatibility
IS TRUE, Comparison Functions and Operators
IS UNKNOWN, Comparison Functions and Operators
isclosed, Geometric Functions and Operators
isempty, Range Functions and Operators
isfinite, Date/Time Functions and Operators
isn, isn
ISNULL, Comparison Functions and Operators
isn_weak, Functions and Operators
isopen, Geometric Functions and Operators
is_array_ref
in PL/Perl, Utility Functions in PL/Perl
is_valid, Functions and Operators

J

JIT, Just-in-Time Compilation (JIT)
jit configuration parameter, Other Planner Options
jit_above_cost configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
jit_debugging_support configuration parameter, Developer Options
jit_dump_bitcode configuration parameter, Developer Options
jit_expressions configuration parameter, Developer Options
jit_inline_above_cost configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
jit_optimize_above_cost configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
jit_profiling_support configuration parameter, Developer Options
jit_provider configuration parameter, Shared Library Preloading
jit_tuple_deforming configuration parameter, Developer Options
join, Joins Between Tables, Joined Tables, Controlling the Planner with Explicit JOIN Clauses
controlling the order, Controlling the Planner with Explicit JOIN Clauses
cross, Joined Tables
left, Joined Tables
natural, Joined Tables
outer, Joins Between Tables, Joined Tables
right, Joined Tables
self, Joins Between Tables
join_collapse_limit configuration parameter, Other Planner Options
JSON, JSON Types, JSON Functions and Operators
functions and operators, JSON Functions and Operators
JSONB, JSON Types
jsonb
containment, jsonb Containment and Existence
existence, jsonb Containment and Existence
indexes on, jsonb Indexing
jsonb_agg, Aggregate Functions
jsonb_array_elements, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_array_elements_text, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_array_length, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_build_array, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_build_object, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_each, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_each_text, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_extract_path, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_extract_path_text, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_insert, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_object, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_object_agg, Aggregate Functions
jsonb_object_keys, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_exists, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_exists_tz, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_match, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_match_tz, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_query, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_query_array, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_query_array_tz, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_query_first, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_query_first_tz, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_path_query_tz, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_populate_record, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_populate_recordset, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_pretty, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_set, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_set_lax, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_strip_nulls, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_to_record, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_to_recordset, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonb_to_tsvector, Text Search Functions and Operators
jsonb_typeof, Processing and Creating JSON Data
jsonpath, jsonpath Type
json_agg, Aggregate Functions
json_array_elements, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_array_elements_text, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_array_length, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_build_array, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_build_object, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_each, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_each_text, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_extract_path, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_extract_path_text, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_object, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_object_agg, Aggregate Functions
json_object_keys, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_populate_record, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_populate_recordset, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_strip_nulls, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_to_record, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_to_recordset, Processing and Creating JSON Data
json_to_tsvector, Text Search Functions and Operators
json_typeof, Processing and Creating JSON Data
Julian date, Julian Dates
Just-In-Time compilation (see JIT)
justify_days, Date/Time Functions and Operators
justify_hours, Date/Time Functions and Operators
justify_interval, Date/Time Functions and Operators

K

key word, Identifiers and Key Words, SQL Key Words
list of, SQL Key Words
syntax of, Identifiers and Key Words
krb_caseins_users configuration parameter, Authentication
krb_server_keyfile configuration parameter, Authentication

L

label (see alias)
lag, Window Functions
language_handler, Pseudo-Types
large object, Large Objects
lastval, Sequence Manipulation Functions
last_value, Window Functions
LATERAL, LATERAL Subqueries
in the FROM clause, LATERAL Subqueries
latitude, Cube-Based Earth Distances
lca, Operators and Functions
lcm, Mathematical Functions and Operators
lc_collate configuration parameter, Preset Options
lc_ctype configuration parameter, Preset Options
lc_messages configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
lc_monetary configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
lc_numeric configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
lc_time configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
LDAP, PostgreSQL Features, LDAP Authentication
LDAP connection parameter lookup, LDAP Lookup of Connection Parameters
ldconfig, Shared Libraries
lead, Window Functions
LEAST, GREATEST and LEAST, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
determination of result type, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
left, String Functions and Operators
left join, Joined Tables
length, String Functions and Operators, Binary String Functions and Operators, Bit String Functions and Operators, Geometric Functions and Operators, Text Search Functions and Operators
of a binary string (see binary strings, length)
of a character string (see character string, length)
length(tsvector), Manipulating Documents
levenshtein, Levenshtein
levenshtein_less_equal, Levenshtein
lex, Requirements
libedit, Requirements
libperl, Requirements
libpq, libpq — C Library, Retrieving Query Results Row-by-Row
single-row mode, Retrieving Query Results Row-by-Row
libpq-fe.h, libpq — C Library, Connection Status Functions
libpq-int.h, Connection Status Functions
libpython, Requirements
library finalization function, Dynamic Loading
library initialization function, Dynamic Loading
LIKE, LIKE
and locales, Behavior
LIKE_REGEX, Differences from XQuery (LIKE_REGEX), SQL/JSON Regular Expressions
in SQL/JSON, SQL/JSON Regular Expressions
LIMIT, LIMIT and OFFSET
line, Lines, Geometric Functions and Operators
line segment, Line Segments
linear regression, Aggregate Functions
Linux
IPC configuration, Shared Memory and Semaphores
shared library, Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions
start script, Starting the Database Server
LISTEN, LISTEN
listen_addresses configuration parameter, Connection Settings
llvm-config, PostgreSQL Features
ll_to_earth, Cube-Based Earth Distances
ln, Mathematical Functions and Operators
lo, lo
LOAD, LOAD
load balancing, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
locale, Creating a Database Cluster, Locale Support
localtime, Date/Time Functions and Operators
localtimestamp, Date/Time Functions and Operators
local_preload_libraries configuration parameter, Shared Library Preloading
lock, Explicit Locking, Advisory Locks, Viewing Locks
advisory, Advisory Locks
monitoring, Viewing Locks
LOCK, Table-Level Locks, LOCK
lock_timeout configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
log, Mathematical Functions and Operators
log shipping, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
log10, Mathematical Functions and Operators
Logging
current_logfiles file and the pg_current_logfile - function, System Information Functions and Operators
pg_current_logfile function, System Information Functions and Operators
logging_collector configuration parameter, Where to Log
Logical Decoding, Logical Decoding, Logical Decoding
logical_decoding_work_mem configuration parameter, Memory
login privilege, Role Attributes
log_autovacuum_min_duration
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
log_btree_build_stats configuration parameter, Developer Options
log_checkpoints configuration parameter, What to Log
log_connections configuration parameter, What to Log
log_destination configuration parameter, Where to Log
log_directory configuration parameter, Where to Log
log_disconnections configuration parameter, What to Log
log_duration configuration parameter, What to Log
log_error_verbosity configuration parameter, What to Log
log_executor_stats configuration parameter, Statistics Monitoring
log_filename configuration parameter, Where to Log
log_file_mode configuration parameter, Where to Log
log_hostname configuration parameter, What to Log
log_line_prefix configuration parameter, What to Log
log_lock_waits configuration parameter, What to Log
log_min_duration_sample configuration parameter, When to Log
log_min_duration_statement configuration parameter, When to Log
log_min_error_statement configuration parameter, When to Log
log_min_messages configuration parameter, When to Log
log_parameter_max_length configuration parameter, What to Log
log_parameter_max_length_on_error configuration parameter, What to Log
log_parser_stats configuration parameter, Statistics Monitoring
log_planner_stats configuration parameter, Statistics Monitoring
log_replication_commands configuration parameter, What to Log
log_rotation_age configuration parameter, Where to Log
log_rotation_size configuration parameter, Where to Log
log_statement configuration parameter, What to Log
log_statement_sample_rate configuration parameter, When to Log
log_statement_stats configuration parameter, Statistics Monitoring
log_temp_files configuration parameter, What to Log
log_timezone configuration parameter, What to Log
log_transaction_sample_rate configuration parameter, When to Log
log_truncate_on_rotation configuration parameter, Where to Log
longitude, Cube-Based Earth Distances
looks_like_number
in PL/Perl, Utility Functions in PL/Perl
loop, Simple Loops
in PL/pgSQL, Simple Loops
lower, String Functions and Operators, Range Functions and Operators
and locales, Behavior
lower_inc, Range Functions and Operators
lower_inf, Range Functions and Operators
lo_close, Closing a Large Object Descriptor
lo_compat_privileges configuration parameter, Previous PostgreSQL Versions
lo_creat, Creating a Large Object, Server-Side Functions
lo_create, Creating a Large Object
lo_export, Exporting a Large Object, Server-Side Functions
lo_from_bytea, Server-Side Functions
lo_get, Server-Side Functions
lo_import, Importing a Large Object, Server-Side Functions
lo_import_with_oid, Importing a Large Object
lo_lseek, Seeking in a Large Object
lo_lseek64, Seeking in a Large Object
lo_open, Opening an Existing Large Object
lo_put, Server-Side Functions
lo_read, Reading Data from a Large Object
lo_tell, Obtaining the Seek Position of a Large Object
lo_tell64, Obtaining the Seek Position of a Large Object
lo_truncate, Truncating a Large Object
lo_truncate64, Truncating a Large Object
lo_unlink, Removing a Large Object, Server-Side Functions
lo_write, Writing Data to a Large Object
lpad, String Functions and Operators
lseg, Line Segments, Geometric Functions and Operators
LSN, WAL Internals
ltree, ltree
ltree2text, Operators and Functions
ltrim, String Functions and Operators

M

MAC address (see macaddr)
MAC address (EUI-64 format) (see macaddr)
macaddr (data type), macaddr
macaddr8 (data type), macaddr8
macaddr8_set7bit, Network Address Functions and Operators
macOS, macOS
installation on, macOS
IPC configuration, Shared Memory and Semaphores
shared library, Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions
magic block, Dynamic Loading
maintenance, Routine Database Maintenance Tasks
maintenance_io_concurrency configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
maintenance_work_mem configuration parameter, Memory
make, Requirements
makeaclitem, System Information Functions and Operators
make_date, Date/Time Functions and Operators
make_interval, Date/Time Functions and Operators
make_time, Date/Time Functions and Operators
make_timestamp, Date/Time Functions and Operators
make_timestamptz, Date/Time Functions and Operators
make_valid, Functions and Operators
MANPATH, Environment Variables
masklen, Network Address Functions and Operators
materialized view, Materialized Views
implementation through rules, Materialized Views
materialized views, pg_matviews
max, Aggregate Functions
max_connections configuration parameter, Connection Settings
max_files_per_process configuration parameter, Kernel Resource Usage
max_function_args configuration parameter, Preset Options
max_identifier_length configuration parameter, Preset Options
max_index_keys configuration parameter, Preset Options
max_locks_per_transaction configuration parameter, Lock Management
max_logical_replication_workers configuration parameter, Subscribers
max_parallel_maintenance_workers configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
max_parallel_workers configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
max_parallel_workers_per_gather configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
max_pred_locks_per_page configuration parameter, Lock Management
max_pred_locks_per_relation configuration parameter, Lock Management
max_pred_locks_per_transaction configuration parameter, Lock Management
max_prepared_transactions configuration parameter, Memory
max_replication_slots configuration parameter, Sending Servers
max_slot_wal_keep_size configuration parameter, Sending Servers
max_stack_depth configuration parameter, Memory
max_standby_archive_delay configuration parameter, Standby Servers
max_standby_streaming_delay configuration parameter, Standby Servers
max_sync_workers_per_subscription configuration parameter, Subscribers
max_wal_senders configuration parameter, Sending Servers
max_wal_size configuration parameter, Checkpoints
max_worker_processes configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
md5, String Functions and Operators, Binary String Functions and Operators
MD5, Password Authentication
median, Aggregate Expressions
(see also percentile)
memory context
in SPI, Memory Management
memory overcommit, Linux Memory Overcommit
metaphone, Metaphone
min, Aggregate Functions
MinGW, MinGW/Native Windows
installation on, MinGW/Native Windows
min_parallel_index_scan_size configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
min_parallel_table_scan_size configuration parameter, Planner Cost Constants
min_scale, Mathematical Functions and Operators
min_wal_size configuration parameter, Checkpoints
mod, Mathematical Functions and Operators
mode
statistical, Aggregate Functions
monitoring, Monitoring Database Activity
database activity, Monitoring Database Activity
MOVE, MOVE
moving-aggregate mode, Moving-Aggregate Mode
Multiversion Concurrency Control, Introduction
MultiXactId, Multixacts and Wraparound
MVCC, Introduction

N

name, Identifiers and Key Words
qualified, Creating a Schema
syntax of, Identifiers and Key Words
unqualified, The Schema Search Path
NaN (see not a number)
natural join, Joined Tables
negation, Logical Operators
NetBSD
IPC configuration, Shared Memory and Semaphores
shared library, Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions
start script, Starting the Database Server
netmask, Network Address Functions and Operators
network, Network Address Types, Network Address Functions and Operators
data types, Network Address Types
nextval, Sequence Manipulation Functions
NFS, NFS
nlevel, Operators and Functions
non-durable, Non-Durable Settings
nonblocking connection, Database Connection Control Functions, Asynchronous Command Processing
nonrepeatable read, Transaction Isolation
normalize, String Functions and Operators
normalized, String Functions and Operators
normal_rand, normal_rand
NOT (operator), Logical Operators
not a number
double precision, Floating-Point Types
numeric (data type), Arbitrary Precision Numbers
NOT IN, Subquery Expressions, Row and Array Comparisons
not-null constraint, Not-Null Constraints
notation, Calling Functions
functions, Calling Functions
notice processing, Notice Processing
in libpq, Notice Processing
notice processor, Notice Processing
notice receiver, Notice Processing
NOTIFY, Asynchronous Notification, NOTIFY
in libpq, Asynchronous Notification
NOTNULL, Comparison Functions and Operators
now, Date/Time Functions and Operators
npoints, Geometric Functions and Operators
nth_value, Window Functions
ntile, Window Functions
null value
with check constraints, Check Constraints
comparing, Comparison Functions and Operators
default value, Default Values
in DISTINCT, DISTINCT
in libpq, Retrieving Query Result Information
in PL/Perl, PL/Perl Functions and Arguments
in PL/Python, Null, None
with unique constraints, Unique Constraints
NULLIF, NULLIF
number
constant, Numeric Constants
numeric, Numeric Constants
numeric (data type), Arbitrary Precision Numbers
numnode, Text Search Functions and Operators, Manipulating Queries
num_nonnulls, Comparison Functions and Operators
num_nulls, Comparison Functions and Operators
NVL, COALESCE

O

object identifier, Object Identifier Types
data type, Object Identifier Types
object-oriented database, Concepts
obj_description, System Information Functions and Operators
octet_length, String Functions and Operators, Binary String Functions and Operators, Bit String Functions and Operators
OFFSET, LIMIT and OFFSET
oid, Object Identifier Types
OID
in libpq, Retrieving Other Result Information
oid2name, oid2name
old_snapshot_threshold configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
ON CONFLICT, INSERT
ONLY, The FROM Clause
OOM, Linux Memory Overcommit
OpenBSD
IPC configuration, Shared Memory and Semaphores
shared library, Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions
start script, Starting the Database Server
OpenSSL, PostgreSQL Features
(see also SSL)
operator, Operators, Operator Precedence, Functions and Operators, Logical Operators, Operators, User-Defined Operators
invocation, Operator Invocations
logical, Logical Operators
precedence, Operator Precedence
syntax, Operators
type resolution in an invocation, Operators
user-defined, User-Defined Operators
operator class, Operator Classes and Operator Families, Index Methods and Operator Classes
operator family, Operator Classes and Operator Families, Operator Classes and Operator Families
operator_precedence_warning configuration parameter, Previous PostgreSQL Versions
optimization information, Function Optimization Information, Operator Optimization Information
for functions, Function Optimization Information
for operators, Operator Optimization Information
OR (operator), Logical Operators
Oracle, Porting from Oracle PL/SQL
porting from PL/SQL to PL/pgSQL, Porting from Oracle PL/SQL
ORDER BY, Querying a Table, Sorting Rows
and locales, Behavior
ordered-set aggregate, Aggregate Expressions
built-in, Aggregate Functions
ordering operator, System Dependencies on Operator Classes
ordinality, Set Returning Functions
outer join, Joined Tables
output function, User-Defined Types
OVER clause, Window Function Calls
overcommit, Linux Memory Overcommit
OVERLAPS, Date/Time Functions and Operators
overlay, String Functions and Operators, Binary String Functions and Operators, Bit String Functions and Operators
overloading, Function Overloading
functions, Function Overloading
operators, User-Defined Operators
owner, Privileges

P

pageinspect, pageinspect
pages_per_range storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters
page_checksum, General Functions
page_header, General Functions
palloc, Writing Code
PAM, PostgreSQL Features, PAM Authentication
parallel query, Parallel Query
+ Z

A

abbrev, Network Address Functions and Operators
ABORT, ABORT
abs, Mathematical Functions and Operators
ACL, Privileges
aclcontains, System Information Functions and Operators
acldefault, System Information Functions and Operators
aclexplode, System Information Functions and Operators
aclitem, Privileges
aclitemeq, System Information Functions and Operators
acos, Mathematical Functions and Operators
acosd, Mathematical Functions and Operators
acosh, Mathematical Functions and Operators
administration tools
externally maintained, Administration Tools
adminpack, adminpack
advisory lock, Advisory Locks
age, Date/Time Functions and Operators
aggregate function, Aggregate Functions, Aggregate Expressions, Aggregate Functions, User-Defined Aggregates
built-in, Aggregate Functions
invocation, Aggregate Expressions
moving aggregate, Moving-Aggregate Mode
ordered set, Ordered-Set Aggregates
partial aggregation, Partial Aggregation
polymorphic, Polymorphic and Variadic Aggregates
support functions for, Support Functions for Aggregates
user-defined, User-Defined Aggregates
variadic, Polymorphic and Variadic Aggregates
AIX, AIX
installation on, AIX
IPC configuration, Shared Memory and Semaphores
akeys, hstore Operators and Functions
alias, Table and Column Aliases, Column Labels
for table name in query, Joins Between Tables
in the FROM clause, Table and Column Aliases
in the select list, Column Labels
ALL, Subquery Expressions, Row and Array Comparisons
allow_in_place_tablespaces configuration parameter, Developer Options
allow_system_table_mods configuration parameter, Developer Options
ALTER AGGREGATE, ALTER AGGREGATE
ALTER COLLATION, ALTER COLLATION
ALTER CONVERSION, ALTER CONVERSION
ALTER DATABASE, ALTER DATABASE
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES, ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
ALTER DOMAIN, ALTER DOMAIN
ALTER EVENT TRIGGER, ALTER EVENT TRIGGER
ALTER EXTENSION, ALTER EXTENSION
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER, ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE, ALTER FOREIGN TABLE
ALTER FUNCTION, ALTER FUNCTION
ALTER GROUP, ALTER GROUP
ALTER INDEX, ALTER INDEX
ALTER LANGUAGE, ALTER LANGUAGE
ALTER LARGE OBJECT, ALTER LARGE OBJECT
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
ALTER OPERATOR, ALTER OPERATOR
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS, ALTER OPERATOR CLASS
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY, ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY
ALTER POLICY, ALTER POLICY
ALTER PROCEDURE, ALTER PROCEDURE
ALTER PUBLICATION, ALTER PUBLICATION
ALTER ROLE, Role Attributes, ALTER ROLE
ALTER ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE
ALTER RULE, ALTER RULE
ALTER SCHEMA, ALTER SCHEMA
ALTER SEQUENCE, ALTER SEQUENCE
ALTER SERVER, ALTER SERVER
ALTER STATISTICS, ALTER STATISTICS
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION, ALTER SUBSCRIPTION
ALTER SYSTEM, ALTER SYSTEM
ALTER TABLE, ALTER TABLE
ALTER TABLESPACE, ALTER TABLESPACE
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION, ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY, ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER, ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER
ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE, ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE
ALTER TRIGGER, ALTER TRIGGER
ALTER TYPE, ALTER TYPE
ALTER USER, ALTER USER
ALTER USER MAPPING, ALTER USER MAPPING
ALTER VIEW, ALTER VIEW
amcheck, amcheck
ANALYZE, Updating Planner Statistics, ANALYZE
AND (operator), Logical Operators
anonymous code blocks, DO
any, Pseudo-Types
ANY, Aggregate Functions, Subquery Expressions, Row and Array Comparisons
anyarray, Pseudo-Types
anycompatible, Pseudo-Types
anycompatiblearray, Pseudo-Types
anycompatiblenonarray, Pseudo-Types
anycompatiblerange, Pseudo-Types
anyelement, Pseudo-Types
anyenum, Pseudo-Types
anynonarray, Pseudo-Types
anyrange, Pseudo-Types
applicable role, applicable_roles
application_name configuration parameter, What to Log
arbitrary precision numbers, Arbitrary Precision Numbers
archive_cleanup_command configuration parameter, Archive Recovery
archive_command configuration parameter, Archiving
archive_mode configuration parameter, Archiving
archive_timeout configuration parameter, Archiving
area, Geometric Functions and Operators
armor, armor(), dearmor()
array, Arrays
accessing, Accessing Arrays
constant, Array Value Input
constructor, Array Constructors
declaration, Declaration of Array Types
I/O, Array Input and Output Syntax
modifying, Modifying Arrays
of user-defined type, User-Defined Types
searching, Searching in Arrays
ARRAY, Array Constructors, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
determination of result type, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
array_agg, Aggregate Functions, Functions
array_append, Array Functions and Operators
array_cat, Array Functions and Operators
array_dims, Array Functions and Operators
array_fill, Array Functions and Operators
array_length, Array Functions and Operators
array_lower, Array Functions and Operators
array_ndims, Array Functions and Operators
array_nulls configuration parameter, Previous PostgreSQL Versions
array_position, Array Functions and Operators
array_positions, Array Functions and Operators
array_prepend, Array Functions and Operators
array_remove, Array Functions and Operators
array_replace, Array Functions and Operators
array_to_json, Processing and Creating JSON Data
array_to_string, Array Functions and Operators
array_to_tsvector, Text Search Functions and Operators
array_upper, Array Functions and Operators
ascii, String Functions and Operators
asin, Mathematical Functions and Operators
asind, Mathematical Functions and Operators
asinh, Mathematical Functions and Operators
ASSERT
in PL/pgSQL, Checking Assertions
assertions
in PL/pgSQL, Checking Assertions
asynchronous commit, Asynchronous Commit
AT TIME ZONE, AT TIME ZONE
atan, Mathematical Functions and Operators
atan2, Mathematical Functions and Operators
atan2d, Mathematical Functions and Operators
atand, Mathematical Functions and Operators
atanh, Mathematical Functions and Operators
authentication_timeout configuration parameter, Authentication
auth_delay, auth_delay
auth_delay.milliseconds configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto-increment (see serial)
autocommit
bulk-loading data, Disable Autocommit
psql, Variables
autosummarize storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters
autovacuum
configuration parameters, Automatic Vacuuming
general information, The Autovacuum Daemon
autovacuum configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_analyze_threshold
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_enabled storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_freeze_max_age
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_freeze_min_age storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_freeze_table_age storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_max_workers configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_multixact_freeze_min_age storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_naptime configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_insert_scale_factor
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_insert_threshold
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_vacuum_threshold
configuration parameter, Automatic Vacuuming
storage parameter, Storage Parameters
autovacuum_work_mem configuration parameter, Memory
auto_explain, auto_explain
auto_explain.log_analyze configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_buffers configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_format configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_level configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_min_duration configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_nested_statements configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_settings configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_timing configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_triggers configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_verbose configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.log_wal configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
auto_explain.sample_rate configuration parameter, Configuration Parameters
avals, hstore Operators and Functions
average, Aggregate Functions
avg, Aggregate Functions

B

B-tree (see index)
backend_flush_after configuration parameter, Asynchronous Behavior
Background workers, Background Worker Processes
backslash escapes, String Constants with C-Style Escapes
backslash_quote configuration parameter, Previous PostgreSQL Versions
backtrace_functions configuration parameter, Developer Options
backup, Backup Control Functions, Backup and Restore
Backup Manifest, Backup Manifest Format
base type, The PostgreSQL Type System
base64 format, Binary String Functions and Operators
BASE_BACKUP, Streaming Replication Protocol
BEGIN, BEGIN
BETWEEN, Comparison Functions and Operators
BETWEEN SYMMETRIC, Comparison Functions and Operators
BGWORKER_BACKEND_​DATABASE_CONNECTION, Background Worker Processes
BGWORKER_SHMEM_ACCESS, Background Worker Processes
bgwriter_delay configuration parameter, Background Writer
bgwriter_flush_after configuration parameter, Background Writer
bgwriter_lru_maxpages configuration parameter, Background Writer
bgwriter_lru_multiplier configuration parameter, Background Writer
bigint, Numeric Constants, Integer Types
bigserial, Serial Types
binary data, Binary Data Types, Binary String Functions and Operators
functions, Binary String Functions and Operators
binary string
concatenation, Binary String Functions and Operators
converting to character string, Binary String Functions and Operators
length, Binary String Functions and Operators
bison, Requirements
bit string, Bit-String Constants, Bit String Types
constant, Bit-String Constants
data type, Bit String Types
length, Bit String Functions and Operators
bit strings, Bit String Functions and Operators
functions, Bit String Functions and Operators
bitmap scan, Combining Multiple Indexes, Planner Method Configuration
bit_and, Aggregate Functions
bit_length, String Functions and Operators, Binary String Functions and Operators, Bit String Functions and Operators
bit_or, Aggregate Functions
BLOB (see large object)
block_size configuration parameter, Preset Options
bloom, bloom
bonjour configuration parameter, Connection Settings
bonjour_name configuration parameter, Connection Settings
Boolean, Boolean Type
data type, Boolean Type
operators (see operators, logical)
bool_and, Aggregate Functions
bool_or, Aggregate Functions
booting
starting the server during, Starting the Database Server
bound_box, Geometric Functions and Operators
box, Geometric Functions and Operators
box (data type), Boxes
BRIN (see index)
brin_desummarize_range, Index Maintenance Functions
brin_metapage_info, BRIN Functions
brin_page_items, BRIN Functions
brin_page_type, BRIN Functions
brin_revmap_data, BRIN Functions
brin_summarize_new_values, Index Maintenance Functions
brin_summarize_range, Index Maintenance Functions
broadcast, Network Address Functions and Operators
BSD Authentication, BSD Authentication
btree_gin, btree_gin
btree_gist, btree_gist
btrim, String Functions and Operators, Binary String Functions and Operators
bt_index_check, Functions
bt_index_parent_check, Functions
bt_metap, B-Tree Functions
bt_page_items, B-Tree Functions
bt_page_stats, B-Tree Functions
buffering storage parameter, Index Storage Parameters
bytea, Binary Data Types
bytea_output configuration parameter, Statement Behavior

C

C, libpq — C Library, ECPG — Embedded SQL in C
C++, Using C++ for Extensibility
CALL, CALL
canceling, Canceling Queries in Progress
SQL command, Canceling Queries in Progress
cardinality, Array Functions and Operators
CASCADE, Dependency Tracking
with DROP, Dependency Tracking
foreign key action, Foreign Keys
Cascading Replication, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
CASE, Conditional Expressions, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
determination of result type, UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs
case sensitivity
of SQL commands, Identifiers and Key Words
cast, CREATE CAST
I/O conversion, CREATE CAST
cbrt, Mathematical Functions and Operators
ceil, Mathematical Functions and Operators
ceiling, Mathematical Functions and Operators
center, Geometric Functions and Operators
Certificate, Certificate Authentication
chained transactions, Transaction Management, Parameters, Parameters
in PL/pgSQL, Transaction Management
char, Character Types
character, Character Types
character set, Locale and Formatting, Preset Options, Character Set Support
character string, String Constants, Character Types
concatenation, String Functions and Operators
constant, String Constants
converting to binary string, Binary String Functions and Operators
data types, Character Types
length, String Functions and Operators
character varying, Character Types
character_length, String Functions and Operators
char_length, String Functions and Operators
check constraint, Check Constraints
CHECK OPTION, CREATE VIEW
checkpoint, WAL Configuration
CHECKPOINT, CHECKPOINT
checkpoint_completion_target configuration parameter, Checkpoints
checkpoint_flush_after configuration parameter, Checkpoints
checkpoint_timeout configuration parameter, Checkpoints
checkpoint_warning configuration parameter, Checkpoints
check_function_bodies configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
chr, String Functions and Operators
cid, Object Identifier Types
cidr, cidr
circle, Circles, Geometric Functions and Operators
citext, citext
client authentication, Client Authentication
timeout during, Authentication
client_encoding configuration parameter, Locale and Formatting
client_min_messages configuration parameter, Statement Behavior
clock_timestamp, Date/Time Functions and Operators
CLOSE, CLOSE
cluster
of databases (see database cluster)
CLUSTER, CLUSTER
clusterdb, clusterdb
clustering, High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
cluster_name configuration parameter, Process Title
cmax, System Columns
cmin, System Columns
COALESCE, COALESCE
COLLATE, Collation Expressions
collation, Collation Support
in PL/pgSQL, Collation of PL/pgSQL Variables
in SQL functions, SQL Functions with Collations
COLLATION FOR, System Information Functions and Operators
color, Color Support
column, Concepts, Table Basics
adding, Adding a Column
removing, Removing a Column
re